High School CTE Colorado Standards

Develop the knowledge, financial acumen, and competencies needed to make informed decisions in business and personal life.

The Accounting Profession: Understand the role that accountants play in business and society.

Describe the current and historical regulatory environment of the accounting profession.

Describe how current events impact the accounting profession.

Explain the need for a code of ethics in accounting and the ethical responsibilities required of accountants.

Explain how accounting information is used to allocate resources in the business and personal decision-making process.

The Accounting Profession: Describe career opportunities in the accounting profession.

Identify student and professional accounting organizations and associations.

Identify professional designations and certifications in the accounting profession.

Describe the educational requirements for various careers, professional designations, and certifications in the accounting profession.

Describe the skills and competencies needed to be successful in the accounting profession.

Describe the areas of specialization within the accounting profession and careers that require knowledge of accounting.

The Accounting Profession: Demonstrate the skills and competencies required to be successful in the accounting profession.

Perform research and communicate in writing the results of the research.

Apply analytical and critical decision-making skills.

Identify and use information technology productively.

Demonstrate the ability to work within a team concept.

Financial Reports: Develop an understanding and working knowledge of an annual report and financial statements.

Identify the sections in an annual report and the purpose for each section.

Describe the information provided in each financial statement and how the statements articulate with each other.

Identify the classifications in an income statement and explain their relationship to each other (revenue, expense, gains, losses).

Explain how and why the conceptual frameworks of accounting and generally accepted accounting principles provide guidance and structure for preparing financial statements.

Identify and explain the business activities reported in a statement of cash flows (operating, inventing, financing).

Define comprehensive income and describe its relationship to operating results.

Financial Analysis: Assess the financial condition and operating results of a company and analyze and interpret financial statements and information to make informed business decisions.

Recognize the primary areas of analysis (trend analysis, profitability, liquidity, capital structure) and explain the information that can be obtained from each type of analysis.

Perform a horizontal and vertical analysis of the income statement and balance sheet.

Compare and contrast debt and equity financing and explain the impact on the financial statements.

Use the statement of cash flow to analyze business activities (operating, investing, financing).

Analyze cash flow from operating activities to assess profitability and liquidity.

Accounting Principles: Identify and describe generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), explain how the application of GAAP impacts the recording of financial transactions, and the preparation of financial statements.

Describe and explain the conceptual framework of accounting and generally accepted accounting principles and assumptions.

Assets: Explain the accounting methods used to determine the value of accounts receivable to be reported on the balance sheet and describe the effect on the income statement.

Liabilities: Determine the initial valuation of long-term debt instruments and their impact on the financial statements.

Equity: Explain how operating results, capital contributions, and distribution of earnings affect equity for the various types of ownership structures.

Revenue: Describe the criteria used to determine revenue recognition and record revenue related transactions.

Expense: Describe the criteria used to determine expense recognition and record expense-related transactions.

Gains and Losses: Distinguish between revenue and gains between expenses and losses and record transactions resulting in gains and losses.

Accounting Process: Complete the steps in the accounting cycle in order to prepare the financial statements.

Identify and explain the advantages and disadvantages of different types of accounting systems.

Apply the double-entry system of accounting to record business transactions and prepare a trial balance.

Prepare the financial statements for the different types of business operations and ownership structures.

Describe the relationship between the closing process, the financial statements, and the post-closing trial balance.

Interpretation and Use of Data: Use planning and control principles to evaluate the performance of an organization and apply differential analysis and present-value concepts to make decisions.

Explain and compare the behavior of fixed, variable, and mixed costs.

Apply cost-volume-profit and contribution margin analyses in planning operations.

Apply responsibility accounting concepts to evaluate cost, profit, and investment centers.

Apply differential analysis to make the following types of decisions: make or buy a product; lease or buy an asset; discontinue a department, plant or product; offer discount prices on special orders; replace or repair equipment.

Compliance, Personal Finance: Develop a working knowledge of individual income tax procedures and requirements to comply with tax laws and regulations.

Describe the history and purpose of tax law in the United States and the process by which tax laws are created.

Complete the applicable individual income tax forms.

Identify, discuss, and apply strategies for minimizing taxable income.

Compliance, Financial Reporting: Distinguish between generally accepted accounting principles and income tax law.

Explain why income for financial reporting and taxable income are calculated differently.

Identify permanent and temporary difference in net income and taxable income.

Calculate permanent and temporary differences in net income and taxable income.

Compliance, Payroll: Apply appropriate accounting practices to payroll.

Calculate net pay.

Calculate employer's payroll taxes.

Prepare payroll reports.

Communication Skills: Obtain and convey ideas and information in order to conduct business transactions.

Facilitate internal/external office communications to support work activities.

Greet and direct visitors.

Relay messages.

Field telephone calls.

Screen telephone calls.

Record and deliver telephone messages in a business setting.

Record message accurately, legibly and completely.

Deliver message to appropriate person/department.

Coordinate people and resources for meetings and seminars.

Coordinate participants.

Follow calling and/or login procedures.

Troubleshoot any problems.

Human Resources Management: Plan, staff, lead and organize human resources to enhance productivity and satisfaction.

Assist with staff growth and development.

Train staff on system usage.

Implement methods for improving employee satisfaction.

(no indicators)

Information Management: Access, process, maintain, evaluate, and disseminate information for business decision-making.

Perform scheduling functions to facilitate on-time, prompt completion of work activities.

Create calendar/schedule.

Maintain appointment calendar.

Verify appointments.

Make travel arrangements.

Make meeting arrangements.

Manage business records to maintain needed documentation.

Process customer orders.

Route orders.

File records electronically/manually.

Maintain files.

Collect documentation needed to compile reports.

Track shipping practices.

Set up filing system appropriate for media/documents being stored.

Control incoming/outgoing documentation process

Develop retention system appropriate for media/documents being stored.

Archive information according to retention procedures.

Audit records periodically.

Prepare documentation of business activities to communicate with internal/external clients.

Proofread documents.

Prepare reports.

Prepare financial data.

Prepare RFPs (Request for Proposal).

Utilize information technology tools to manage and perform work responsibilities.

Demonstrate advanced web-search skills.

Demonstrate advanced word-processing skills.

Demonstrate advanced presentation applications.

Demonstrate advanced database applications.

Mine databases for information.

Demonstrate advanced spreadsheet applications.

Create a web page for business applications.

Capture text using OCR (optical character reader) software.

Use voice recognition technology to prepare documents.

Utilize project-management software.

Utilize imaging software.

Use traditional notation to proofread and edit documents.

Identify and use proofreaders' marks to indicate all errors in format.

Identify and use proofreaders' marks to indicate all errors in content.

Identify and use proofreaders' marks to indicate all errors in spelling and grammar.

Use spreadsheet software to create business-related spreadsheets.

Choose appropriate software for creating spreadsheets.

Enter labels and values into spreadsheet cells.

Format labels and values.

Enter formulas and functions in a spreadsheet.

Develop formulas and enter appropriate functions.

Check formulas and functions with sample values.

Create components to analyze spreadsheet data.

Produce and print graphs.

Produce PivotCharts.

Create "what if" scenarios.

Print reports.

Print formulas.

Select format and procedure to produce memoranda appropriate for a given purpose.

Select proper layout, i.e., direct, indirect.

Use correct grammar, spelling, punctuation and other English mechanics.

Prepare in correct memo format.

Key without error.

Disseminate to appropriate persons.

Select document type and layout to produce business letters.

Determine use of document, e.g., sales, claims, good news.

Prepare with correct layout.

Use correct grammar, spelling, punctuation and other English mechanics.

Key without error.

Select appropriate writing method to produce a variety of reports.

Determine purpose of report.

Select proper method of writing, e.g., short, informal.

Prepare tables, graphs, and graphics.

Use references and prepare notations and bibliography.

Use correct grammar, spelling, punctuation and other English mechanics.

Key without error.

Record transactions to manage cash fund accounts.

Keep records of petty cash disbursements.

Replenish petty cash.

Increase or decrease as necessary.

Tally receipts and proof work to prepare bank deposits.

Prepare endorsement.

Reconcile.

Proof totals.

Practice good bookkeeping guidelines to reconcile bank statements.

Compare checkbook to bank statement.

Add deposits not credited.

Subtract checks not cleared.

Subtract bank charges from checkbook.

Ensure bank statement balance equals checkbook balance.

Operations: Monitor, plan and control day-to-day business activities to continue business functioning.

Utilize office equipment to accomplish administrative service related job assignments.

Operate calculator.

Operate copier.

Operate printer.

Operate fax machines.

Operate postage meter.

Operate scanner.

Troubleshoot problems with office equipment to make repairs and/or to obtain technical support.

Isolate and identify source of technical problem.

Follow manufacturer's written procedures to fix technical problem.

Obtain technical support services.

Abide by risk-management policies and procedures for technology to minimize loss.

Adhere to technology safety and security policies (e.g., acceptable use policy, web page policies).

Apply ergonomic techniques to technology tasks.

Adhere to laws pertaining to computer crime, fraud and abuse.

Follow procedures used to restart and recover from situations (e.g., system failure, virus infection).

Follow policies to prevent loss of data integrity.

Adhere to organization's policies for technology use.

Maintain work flow to enhance productivity.

Organize and prioritize work.

Complete assigned tasks in a timely manner.

Coordinate work with that of team members.

Assist with overflow work.

Coordinate submission of proposals.

Utilize project management skills to start, run, and complete projects.

Coordinate schedules and activities.

Plan meetings.

Implement processes for purchasing business supplies, equipment, and services.

Maintain vendor/supplier relationships.

Conduct vendor/supplier search.

Negotiate terms with vendors.

Establish procedures to maintain equipment and supplies.

Determine equipment needed.

Determine supplies needed.

Establish equipment and supplies maintenance system.

Schedule equipment maintenance procedure.

Utilize equipment and supplies maintenance procedures.

Describe agribusinesses, the relationship of agribusiness to the industry of agriculture and will identify opportunities in the agribusiness systems pathway

Understand the history and global significance of agribusinesses

Define major components of agribusiness systems

Define the major trends and relationship of agribusiness to global agriculture production

Identify various cultural perspectives in agriculture and the impact on agribusiness systems

Understand current cultural perspectives, global trade, and environmental impact of agriculture and the impact on agribusiness systems

Understand the history and future response in agribusiness systems to agriculture

Determine important historical trends in agribusiness systems

Describe evolution and technological advances in agribusiness systems

Analyze trends (population, societal, income, health, environmental) and their impact on agribusiness

Predict future trends in agribusiness systems

Relate the segments of the agriculture industry and their distribution channels on the efficiency of agribusinesses

Define agriculture industry segments (producers, processors, consumers, etc) and distribution channels

Explain the local, regional, national and global agriculture production and the role of agribusiness at each level

Describe the movement of agriculture products through industry segments and industry distribution channels

Analyze the changes in agribusiness management to the efficient production and distribution of agriculture products

Describe skills necessary in successful agribusinesses and ethical business practices

Identify essential skills necessary for the agribusiness pathway

Identify skills (analytical, knowledge, communication, confidence, work ethic, honesty) used by personnel working in agribusinesses

Analyze personal skills and determine a path for skill development or improvement

Determine the impact of personal skills in the success and failure of agribusinesses

Communicate abilities, skills and experience in written and oral form

Identify purpose and function of a job application, resume, cover letter and job interview

Identify personal skills, abilities, experience and integrate them into a job application, resume, cover letter and job interview

Complete a job application, resume, cover letter and job interview

Analyze career opportunities (skills) compared to personal skills, abilities, experience presented on a job application, resume, cover letter and in a job interview

Understand professionalism in communication, business etiquette and dress/attire

Identify characteristics of professionalism

Understand dress, attire, communication skills necessary in the workplace

Distinguish situations where professionalism is tested in the workplace

Analyze situations where work place ethics and professionalism were compromised

Understand record keeping systems and utilize records to assist in financial management of agribusiness

Understand record keeping and accounting principles

Identify different methods and importance of record keeping and accounting

Classify record keeping and accounting procedures as a particular method

Utilize accounting and record keeping in an agribusiness

Utilize contracts in an agribusiness scenario

Define and determine essential components of a contract

Determine types of contracts and distinguish between good and bad contracts

Analyze contracts utilized in agribusinesses

Write and utilize contracts

Recognize parts of a financial balance sheet; and utilize a balance sheet to determine the financial condition of an agribusiness

Describe a financial balance sheet and uses of a financial balance sheet

Define terms relating to a financial balance set (solvency, liquidity, equity, debt, net worth, return)

Develop a personal financial balance sheet

Analyze financial balance sheets to determine the financial condition of an agribusiness

Compile an income and expense record and utilize records to manage an agribusiness

Define income, expense, and capital transactions; the purpose of each and classify items accordingly

Complete an income, expense and capital transaction record

Evaluate income and expense ratios to manage an agribusiness

Utilize data to effectively manage an agribusiness

Describe purpose of breeding record, production records, diary, herd check, health records, yield data

Develop or utilize current data management systems

Utilize data to summarize production and/or develop efficiency factors for production

Utilize data to make improvements in an agribusiness

Create a cash flow or budget to enhance management decisions in an agribusiness

Identify purpose and parts of a cash flow or budget

Create a cash flow or budget for an agribusiness

Create partial budgets or enterprise budgets for an agribusiness

Utilize a cash flow and budgets to make management decisions in an agribusiness

Understand current agriculture issues and important policies and laws in agriculture

Articulate an educated position regarding agriculture issues

Define issue; identify important issues in agriculture

Determine impact of issues on agriculture

Develop and deliver an action plan around an agriculture issue

Understand how agricultural laws and policies impact practices in agriculture industry

Define ag law and ag policy and distinguish how laws and policies are created

Identify laws and their impacts on the legal responsibilities and liabilities of an agricultural business

Develop an action plan to comply with an agricultural policy or law

Create an advocacy team around an agricultural policy or law and make presentation to appropriate audiences

Understand record keeping systems and utilize records to Assist in financial management of agribusiness

Understand the principles of supply and demand

Define and describe supply and demand

Create a demand curve and schedule

Track historical data on supply and demand and impact on prices of commodities and agricultural products

Determine price for a product utilizing supply and demand information

Understand the law of diminishing returns and the impact on product pricing

Understand and describe the law of diminishing returns

Describe input basis

Utilize the law of diminishing returns to hypothesize changes in products, prices, supply and demand

Implement principles of agricultural marketing within an agricultural business

Understand the importance of a marketing chain

Understand 6 different types of marketing (commodity, local, niche, product) and the free-market economy

Distinguish the difference between horizontal coordination and vertical integration

Describe marketing legislation and organizations (check off, cooperatives, contracts, agreements, NAFTA, exports)

Analyze marketing trends based upon influential factors (integration, niche, check-off)

Describe the process of commodity marketing

Identify and describe the commodity exchanges and define commodity terms (futures contract, hedge, speculator)

Trace the path of a commodity trade

Understand how profit and loss is generated through a commodity trade

Determine profit and loss through a futures contract, hedging or speculating activity

Appreciate the importance of customer relations and sales techniques in an agriculture marketing

Describe different sales techniques and the impact of customer relations within an agribusiness

Identify and discuss the sales technique and importance of customer relations

Develop a plan to expand a customer base utilizing sales and customer relation skills

Implement sales techniques and customer relations skills by selling a product

Develop skills in agribusiness management

Understand the types of ownership in an agribusiness

Define types of business structures (sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, LLC, cooperative)

Determine advantages and disadvantages of different business structures

Understand legal obligations for each type of agribusiness ownership

Analyze industry to compare size of business to types of business structure

Develop skills in agribusiness management

Identify management skills (problem solving) and why management is important in an ag business

Determine impact of financing, marketing, and risk management on the success of an agricultural business

Develop a management plan for an agribusiness

Analyze ag businesses for positive and negative management techniques and their impact on the agriculture industry

Develop efficiency factors to manage an agribusiness

Understand efficiency factors and how an efficient operation can impact business success

Calculate different efficiency factors for given agribusiness scenarios

Develop and calculate efficiency factors for personal agribusiness enterprise

Change or make management decisions based upon efficiency factor information

Understand the importance of goal setting in an agribusiness

Define SMART goals (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time sensitive)

Determine characteristics of short, intermediate and long term goals in agribusinesses

Develop short and long term SMART goals for an agribusiness

Understand the importance of human resources in agribusinesses

Identify the need for workers in ag businesses

Understand legal obligations of human resources (workman's compensation, salary, hours, conditions)

Analyze techniques for effective management of human resources

Determine tax obligations regarding an agribusiness

Define taxes (local, state and federal) and importance of tax obligations within business operations

Understand tax code relating to business operations and what they are used for (i.e. FICA, Medicare, sales taxes)

Comply with tax obligations for a business, complete tax forms

Analyze tax obligations for various businesses

Understand the role of finance in agribusiness management

Distinguish the need for credit in an agribusiness; the sources of credit

Define the five C's (Capacity, Capital, Charter, collateral, Condition) of credit and the determine the their role in establishing credit

Calculate interest on a loan using different types of interest

Utilize an amortization schedule to calculate interest on a loan

Develop an agribusiness plan

Identify a business plan and determine the importance of a business plan

Determine essential parts of a business plan

Develop a plan for an agribusiness incorporating all facets of an ag business (management, finance, risk management, marketing, human resource management taxes, etc.)

Understand the use and necessity of daily operational forms & documents used in an agribusiness

Identify forms and documents used in ag business and their function in the business operation

Complete / fill out forms accurately

Design forms to meet a specific business need

apply data from forms to analysis of business operation and profitability

Interpret legal land descriptions

Comprehend and utilize legal land descriptions

Define legal land description & identify two types used in US

Identify components of the rectangular survey system

Read and understand the descriptive process of land identification

Determine size of parcel based on legal descriptions or write legal descriptions based on parcel

Industry of Agriculture and world food demands

Understand and analyze the role of agriculture in determining the need for and supply of the world's food

Define the difference in food supply and food need

Analyze global trends (population, societal, income, health, environmental) and the impact on food supply

Relate trends of food supply and food need to theories of Thomas Malthus and the work of Norman Borlaug

Analyze how technology has or can increase production capabilities

Compare and contrast issues affecting the AFNR industry (including biotechnology food safety environmental and animal welfare)

Select solutions for different issues

Analyze selected solutions for feasibility

Present solutions determined most feasible

Envision emerging technology and globalization and projects its influence on markets

Examine new technologies to project their impact on the AFNR industry

Discuss the relationship between the advancement of technology and the need for continuing education and career development

Career Opportunities in the AFNR Cluster

Identify and prepare for career opportunities in the AFNR cluster

Identify careers and explore advantages and disadvantages within the AFNR cluster

Choose an agriculture career based upon your interest, skills and education necessary

Develop and ICAP specific to agriculture (Individual Career and Academic Plan)

Review, and modify and implement agriculture ICAP

Integrate supervised agriculture experience into agriculture education

Define SAE and describe the purpose for the SAE program

Define the SAE and its role in agricultural education

Identify and describe different types of SAE's (Placement, Entrepreneurship, Agriscience/Research, Exploratory, Service Learning)

Determine the advantages and disadvantages for each type of SAE program

Determine student possibilities for SAE

Initiate the SAE program

Select an SAE based on personal interests

Design and plan the SAE

Implement the SAE

Make satisfactory progress on the SAE program

Develop agriculture skills through the application of the SAE and experiential learning

Identify skills necessary in agriculture industry and SAE area

Develop a plan of action (training plan) to address needed skills in the agriculture industry/SAE

Improve agriculture skills through application in the SAE program

Maintain an SAE showing growth and improvement over time

Maintain an SAE throughout agricultural education enrollment

Analyze the SAE for improvements necessary in efficiency, productivity and success

Utilize management techniques to improve the SAE (record keeping, skills, goals, efficiency factors, financial records, SAE visits and other SAE records)

Implement identified improvements to the SAE

Integrate leadership and personal development into agricultural education experiences

Describe FFA and it's role in Agricultural Education

Describe the FFA organization, structure and identifying characteristics (emblem, official dress, stations, degrees, types of membership, history, ceremonies)

Define leadership and analyze opportunities for individual leadership development (goal setting, degree advancement, CDE's, Awards, conferences, officer/committee work, career goals)

Utilize leadership skills learned in the FFA to advance leadership in a group or organization

Utilize leadership skills learned in the FFA to serve others

Understand how to manage an organization

Describe the purposes of a constitution and by-laws, Program of Activities, meetings, leadership roles

Utilize and apply a constitution, POA, meetings and leadership roles in an organization

Evaluate an organization for effectiveness

Explain the values of the FFA organization

Describe the mission, motto, creed and code of ethics

Analyze how the mission, motto, creed and code of ethics can be challenged in given leadership scenarios

Utilize the mission, motto, creed and code of ethics to make appropriate choices in leadership scenarios

Utilize parliamentary procedure to effectively operate an organization

Define parliamentary procedure and its purposes

Understand the classification and utilization of motions

Describe uses of gavel, conduct of chair and members, effective debate, voting

Apply knowledge to given organization scenarios (make a motion, chair, discussion, etc.)

Understand structure and significance of animal agriculture systems

Understand the history and global significance of animal systems

Define major components of animal systems

Define the major trends and relationship of animal systems to global agriculture production

Identify various cultural perspectives in agriculture and the impact on animal systems

Understand current cultural perspectives, global trade, and environmental impact of agriculture and the impact on animal systems

Identify segments, and distribution channels of animal agriculture industry and relate these to the efficiencies of the agriculture production

Define agriculture industry segments (producers, processors, consumers, etc) and distribution channels

Explain the local, regional, national and global agriculture production and the role of animal systems at each level

Describe the movement of agriculture products through industry segments and industry distribution channels

Analyze the changes in animal systems management to the efficient production and distribution of agriculture products

Describe the role of animal agriculture industry in society

Define animal science and animal systems and determine the importance of the animal systems

Explore local, regional, national and global animal production and define biosecurity, biotechnology

Describe techniques to insure biosecurity in our animal production

Integrate concepts of Animal Science into other agricultural pathways

Describe the process and movement of products from farm to table.

Define Distribution Channels (Wholesalers, Local Markets, Direct Markets, Retailers, Government, Institutions, Restaurants, Hotels, Catering)

Describe the movement of products through channels

Illustrate the impact of the distribution channels

Design a new distribution channel (vertical integration)

Integrate principles of classification and selection in the management practices of the animal industry

Understand the use of taxonomic principles in animal agriculture

Define common taxonomic terms and explain the importance of taxonomic classification

Demonstrate the correct use of scientific animal names

Understand and apply concepts of external animal anatomy

Identify body components

Relate body components to function & purpose

Evaluate breed characteristics and apply them in animal selection scenarios

Identify common breeds in agriculturally important animal species

Understand breed characteristics and purpose

Select an animal for a specific purpose and environment

Appraise & evaluate economic value of animals for various application in animal agriculture

Evaluate animals for a given production scenario

Describe procedure for evaluating animals

Evaluate market and breeding animals for a specific purpose

Develop rationale for evaluation of livestock for purpose

Evaluate production scenario and select livestock for practical application

Understand how animal growth, development and environmental interactions impact animal production

Understand the process of animal growth and development

Distinguish growth processes in animals

Define life span and relate it to living condition; explain the stages of life

Analyze the growth factors that affect production enterprises

Explore the role that humans have in each of the life stages of agriculturally important animals

Explain cell structure and function

Describe the basics of an animal cell and describe the cellular organelles and their functions

Identify and explain DNA structure and replication processes

Diagram and label the cell cycle (mitosis and meiosis) and have understanding of each phase

Select and use appropriate technologies to gather, process, and analyze data and to report information related to an investigation

Understand the role of the circulatory system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the digestion system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the endocrine system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the excretory system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the immune system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the integumentary system, its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the lymphatic system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the muscular system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the nervous system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the respiratory system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the skeletal system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Understand the role of the reproduction system its interactions and impact on animal health

Identify major parts and their functions

Relate functions to other systems

Determine how changes affect the individual systems and a healthy animal

Explain the role of genetics and reproductive management in animal systems

Understand the principles of sexual reproduction

Identify the parts of the male and female reproductive systems and describe gamete production, define fertilization, gestation, and parturition

Describe the phases of the female reproductive cycle

Compare hormone action involved in the reproductive cycle; identify their sources, effects, and purposes

Evaluate the effects of manipulating the hormones in a reproductive system

Understand the fundamentals of inheritance and their application to livestock production

Define terms associated with genetics

Explain how genetics relates to improvement in livestock production

Diagram and explain how characteristics are inherited

Diagram and explain the role of genetics with sex determination, linkage, crossover, and mutation

Explain the process of animal selection, and the role selection plays in improving animal systems

Explain selection, goals for selection and why and how selection has been used in animal systems

Select an animal for a specific purpose based on genotype and utilize the punnet square to project genetic outcomes

Select an animal for a specific purpose based on genotype and phenotype

Apply selection principles to a group of animals

Understand current reproductive technologies and their application in an animal breeding program

Identify technologies used in animal reproduction

Explain the procedures used in artificial insemination, embryo transfer, and cloning

Demonstrate the steps of artificial insemination and embryo transfer

Develop a breeding system utilizing current

Understand the impact of disease, parasites and physiological disorders on animal health

Identify signs of diseases, parasites and physiological disorders and recommend appropriate treatment

Recognize signs of proper function of body systems

Identify signs of illnesses and disorders for specific parasites, diseases & disorders of animals

Describe treatment protocol and proper administration routes and techniques

Determine treatment protocol including alternative methods of treatment (massage and acupuncture)

Identify routes of disease transmission and their impact on disease control

Recognize signs of good health & disease conditions

Classify diseases, identify causative agents of transmission, including zoonotic diseases

Recognize common management practices for disease prevention, including biosecurity issues

Design a program of disease prevention including biosecurity plans for production operations

Explain the principle of immunity and it's role in maintaining animal health

Identify components of immune system & understand role in disease prevention

Describe the outcomes of the immune response & common immunological disorders

Understand the role of colostrum and the immune response in newborn animals

Understand the principles of vaccination & design immunization protocol for all production animals

Describe the principles of nutrition and digestion and the role within an animal system

Analyze the digestive process it's impact on animal rations and feedstuffs

Compare the three types of digestive systems and the major species that have each

Select feedstuffs that are appropriate for each system

Trace the breakdown of feedstuffs through the digestive process

Evaluate the chemical processes happening in the digestive cycle (organic acids, protein digestion)

Identify common nutrients and their role in animal growth and development

Identify common nutrients

Discuss the importance of each nutrient and its function

Determine the correct amounts of each nutrient needed for each species

Compare the metabolic rate of each nutrient

Identify species nutritional requirements and the impact of stages of production and environmental condition

Identify compare and contrast common feeds for each species nutritional requirements

Determine the specific nutritional needs for each species, environmental condition, and stages of production

Evaluate symptoms of nutritional deficiencies

Improve management system to correct nutritional deficiency

Describe feed classification and composition

Compare and contrast common types of feedstuffs (roughages and concentrates, additives, supplements)

Determine the relative nutritional value of feedstuffs as a result of different processing methods

Select appropriate feedstuffs for animals based on factors such as the environment and economy

Determine ways to improve relative feed value in feedstuffs

Explain feed additives and growth promoters role in animal production

Explain the purpose and benefits of feed additives and growth promoters

Discuss how feed additives and growth promoters are administered

Explain how feed additives and growth promoters impact the growth process

Research the benefits and precautions that should be used with feed additives and growth promoters

Apply understanding of animal behavior to animal care and use

Understand animal behavior

List and describe types of animal behavior

Explain through examples the nine major behavior patterns and how they are interrelated

Summarize how behavioral activities affect animal well-being, productivity, and profitability

Evaluate management system's affect on animal behavior

Observe and recognize signs of health in animals

Compare the observable signs of healthy animals to the observable signs of unhealthy animals

Explain the benefit to producers of content and healthy animals

Perform simple health-check evaluations on animals

Design a health maintenance and disease prevention plan for animals in confined environments

Analyze the impact of environmental conditions on animal production

Identify the environmental influences on livestock, intensive management systems, and extensive management systems

Describe how animals adapt to environments and how that affects management practices

Describe how genetics, nervous system functions, and behavior systems affect an animal's ability to adapt to an environment

Explain how producers may assist animals' adaptations to the environment

Understand proper techniques for handling and restraint of animals

Identify proper animal handling and restraining principles

Outline safety procedures for working with animals by species

Design an animal facility that allows for easy and safe handling and restraint

Understand the need for safe and efficient handling of animals through facility design and management

Identify types of facilities for given production scenarios

Analyze facilities for functionality and safety

Make recommendations for improvements; analyze current laws relating to facilities and management

Design a facility incorporating all phases of production (from processing to waste management)

Understand principles of carcass evaluation and grading

Evaluate carcasses for industry and consumer demands

Use visual appraisal to predict the quality and yield grade of a carcass

Define measurement tools to predict the quality and yield grade of a carcass

Use measurement tools to predict the quality and yield grade of a carcass

Predict carcass quality based on live animal evaluation and husbandry practices

Understand yield grade calculations and the impact of percent yield on industry production standards

Define yield grade and calculate dressing percentages

Explain yield grade factors

Evaluate carcass indicators to determine yield grade

Analyze production of percent yield of meat products and the impact on the goals of the animal industry

Identify commercial cuts of meat

Identify wholesale cuts

Identify retail cuts

Explain the importance of cut identification ANSC it relates to animal production

Quality grade animals and determine the importance of quality in the animal/meat production process

Define quality grade

Explain quality grade factors

Evaluate carcass indicators to determine quality grades

Analyze impact of quality grades on production and the goals of the animal industry

Understand roles within teams, work units, departments, organizations, inter-organizational systems, and the larger global environment. Identify how key organizational systems affect organizational performance and the quality of products and services.

Analyze and summarize the history and evolution of the arts, audio-video technology, and communications field to understand the current place the field holds within society and the economy.

Summarize the history and impact of the arts and technologies on society.

Evaluate the influences on the evolution of art, technology, media, and performance.

Compare and contrast the different objectives for arts and communications held by the general public and the industry at large.

Analyze current issues related to the arts, audio-video technologies, telecommunications, printing, and the media.

Summarize characteristics of the fluid and diverse nature of organizational structures within the arts, audio-video technology, printing, and media industries.

Analyze the arts, audio-visual technology and communication industry's economic base in order to demonstrate an understanding of the economic factors influencing the industry as a whole.

Analyze the industry's economic base pertinent to the arts and related technologies.

Analyze the industry's business practices pertinent to the arts and related technologies.

Evaluate the role of the arts in business, technology, and the community.

Analyze and summarize evidence of interdependence between the technical and the artistic sides in order to demonstrate an understanding of the systems involved.

Summarize the features of the partnership technology and the arts have in developing presentations and productions.

Analyze how the roles of creators, performers, technicians, and others are similar and different from one another.

Research the impact of potential new technology advancements related to this cluster in the future.

Analyze and summarize the formal and informal influences that the abstract and formal structures of business organizations have on this industry.

Examine the influence government, public opinion, and diverse local and cultural perspectives may have upon visual arts, media communications, or performance as a business.

Examine labor management processes and agreements generally used in the arts, audio-video technologies, printing, and media fields.

Understand the importance of health, safety, and environmental management systems in organizations and their importance to organizational performance and regulatory compliance.

Maintain safe and healthful working conditions by completing work tasks in accordance with rights and applicable responsibilities in arts, audio-visual technology and communications work environments.

Assess workplace conditions with regard to safety and health.

State the implications that various rules and laws designed to promote safety and health may have on a work environment.

Assess and control methods to reduce sources of office and worksite accident hazards common in the arts, audio-visual technology and communications industry.

Demonstrate completion of a variety of methods to prevent and correct common hazards.

Demonstrate personal and group health and safety practices.

Apply safety procedures in operating equipment commonly used in the arts, audio-visual technology and communications industry.

Examine and summarize the responsibilities various entities have for promoting a safe and healthy work environment in the arts, audio-visual technology and communications industry.

Summarize the individual employee's responsibility for maintaining health and safety in contrast to a supervisor or others.

Illustrate situations that demonstrate compliance with OSHA safety regulations and practices related to this cluster.

Apply MSDS and Hazardous Materials procedures related to handling and disposing of chemicals.

Apply Hazardous Materials practices in relation to fire and water hazards, electrical coding, and right-to-know laws regarding hazards.

Know and understand the importance of professional ethics and legal responsibilities.

Exhibit ethical conduct in writing, creating, printing, broadcasting, and performing to uphold high standards for behavior in the industry.

Analyze ethical principles of decision-making related to clients, customers, fellow workers, and others.

Analyze ethical conduct that provides proper credit to those whose ideas and content have been used.

Analyze ethical standards that apply to the delivery of quality performance and products.

Identify ethics involved in the degree of influence media, arts, and performance have upon individuals.

Identify the proper use of proprietary information.

Analyze and apply laws affecting arts, technology and communication enterprises to maintain up-to-date compliance with key regulations influencing the industry.

Analyze the copyright laws in relation to seeking formal permission to use materials.

Analyze contracts for potential work in career pathways within this cluster.

Analyze state, county, and city codes related to decisions affecting work in this cluster.

Analyze the First Amendment, FCC, the Freedom of Information Act, liable laws, and other regulations for compliance issues relevant to this cluster.

Analyze the liabilities associated with productions and performances, media, and telecommunications installations.

Know and understand the importance of employability skills. Explore, plan, and effectively manage careers.

Explain written organizational policies, rules and procedures common to careers in arts, AV, technology and communication fields.

Locate appropriate information on organizational policies in handbooks and manuals.

Discuss how specific organizational policies and rules influence a specific work situation.

Identify, examine and select career opportunities in one or more arts, AV, technology and communication related career pathways in order to explore career options.

Locate career opportunities that appeal to personal career goals.

Match personal interests and aptitudes to selected careers.

State how various pathways within the cluster work together to generate productions, media, and other activities.

Examine and summarize the life style implications and physical demands required by work activities common in the arts, audio/visual, technology and communications.

Summarize the physical preparation needed to maintain the work activities of pathways in this career cluster.

Summarize life style choices required to maintain the work activities of the pathways in this career cluster.

Analyze and explain the foundations in audio, video and film as related to current industry standards and trends.

Understand the concepts, principles, elements and techniques of audio, video and film production.

Explore elements and techniques for the production of audio, video and film.

Use available equipment, tools and techniques as associated with audio, video and film production.

Identify industry related tools and equipment.

Utilize a variety of tools and techniques in traditional and experimental ways. (i.e. analog and digital audio formats.)

Employ digital literacy skills.

Apply historical and cultural context as related to audio, video and film production.

Investigate audio, video and film through historical and cultural contexts, intents and meanings.

Evaluate and analyze historical styles in relationship to contemporary trends.

Understand and demonstrate technology and process related to audio/video technology and film.

Demonstrate the planning process.

Implement preproduction planning process.

Apply tools and skills to plan workflow (i.e. time management, business cycle, pricing).

Investigate to gather information necessary for decision making.

Employ ongoing reflective strategies during the planning process.

Apply project implementation.

Demonstrate competency in traditional media to apply appropriate technology for the expression of ideas.

Follow planning process to create projects.

Assess the usage of elements and principles of audio, video and film production.

Determine appropriate production materials.

Prepare work for production.

Utilize traditional, digital and emerging technologies to produce work.

Understand and apply finalization techniques.

Finalize audio, video or film materials for presentation.

Archive works for portfolio.

Know and understand the scope of career opportunities and qualifications in the audio/video and film industry to build an understanding of career opportunities and options.

Investigate career opportunities.

Identify possible career options.

Compare and contrast current careers.

Identify the training and qualifications necessary for career pathways.

Evaluate future occupational outlooks.

Develop personal career plan.

Cultivate necessary workplace skills.

Identify and demonstrate positive work behaviors and personal qualities necessary for the current workforce (i.e., Critical Thinking, Information Literacy, Collaboration, Self Direction, Invention.

Business Law: Describe and abide by laws and regulations in order to manage business operations and transactions in the banking services industry.

Develop a compliance program to protect the company well-being.

Explain the elements of a compliance program.

Discuss functional areas of a compliance audit.

Develop a compliance program.

Describe regulations governing banking services.

Discuss e-compliance issues in banking services.

Discuss federal regulation of lending functions.

Discuss federal regulation of operations functions in banking services.

Discuss the responsibilities of regulatory agencies that oversee the banking industry.

Describe the process for implementing regulatory changes.

Describe provisions of bankruptcy law.

Customer Relations: Create and maintain positive, ongoing relationships with banking customers in order to enhance the organization's image.

Foster positive relationships with customers to enhance company image.

Discuss the importance of meeting and exceeding customer expectations.

Describe the relationships that institutions providing banking services have with their communities.

Manage a profitable investment portfolio to build customer relationships.

Select customers for portfolios using established criteria.

Establish portfolio criteria that support the institution's business goals.

Financial Analysis: Maintain, monitor, control and plan the use of financial resources to enhance banking performance.

Describe the manner in which banks generate profit.

Explain measures banks have taken to ensure profitability.

Information Management: Use tools, strategies and systems to operate banking equipment.

Utilize banking technology to increase workplace efficiency and effectiveness.

Fill/empty ATMs (Automatic Teller Machines).

Process numeric data using 10-key pad.

Discuss the impact of technology on the banking industry.

Operations: Monitor, plan, and control the day-to-day activities within a banking organization in order to ensure secure operations.

Describe how bank security programs minimize chance for loss.

Discuss procedures for the secure handling of cash.

Discuss the secure handling of checks.

Explain procedures for detecting and reporting counterfeit currency.

Describe crimes to which a bank could fall victim (e.g. fraud, robbery, phishing, etc.).

Discuss the elements and role of a bank security program.

Describe the nature of business continuity plans.

Perform daily cash processing activities.

Process damaged and/or mutilated currency and coin.

Order and deposit currency/coin.

Deposit checks.

Handle differences in cash received/deposited.

Identify requirements for transporting cash.

Discuss the role of the Federal Reserve System in banking operations.

Underwrite loan applications to determine creditworthiness of customers.

Describe the loan application generating process.

Explain the process of credit analysis.

Describe factors affecting loan pricing and loan structuring.

Underwrite a loan application.

Discuss real estate lending and servicing.

Discuss the involvement of financial institutions in the real estate industry.

Explain approaches to real estate lending.

Describe the functions and responsibilities of the loan servicing department.

Manage problem loans.

Discuss the nature of problem loan management.

Handle problem loans.

Professional Development: Utilize career planning concepts, tools, and strategies to explore, obtain, and develop a career in banking services.

Describe environments in which banking services are offered.

Explain the evolution of commercial banking.

Discuss ethical issues in the banking industry.

Discuss the fiduciary role of banks.

Describe bank policies that pertain to fiduciary activities.

Identify the nature and scope of types of banking institutions.

Describe the nature of the national banking system.

Explain the role of central banks.

Describe the nature of retail banking.

Explain the nature of investment banking.

Explain the nature of financial services companies (universal banks).

Discuss the role of credit unions.

Explain the role of savings and loan associations.

Discuss the role of the World Bank Group in international financial assistance.

Explain the nature of government agencies that provide financing to businesses (e.g. Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small Business Administration, etc.).

Acquire knowledge of banking processes and services to facilitate workplace activities.

Describe the nature of banking processes.

Describe types of banking services.

Discuss retail bank products and services.

Explain business bank products and services.

Describe basic teller performance standards.

Discuss the nature of loan products.

Describe trust services available to customers.

Describe roles and responsibilities in banking services.

Explain the role and responsibilities of administrative careers in banking services.

Describe the role and responsibilities of executive/managerial careers in banking services.

Selling: Determine client needs and wants and respond through planned, personalized communication to influence purchase decisions and enhance future business opportunities in banking services.

Generate new business using sales techniques.

Describe the importance of selling in the banking industry.

Cross-sell banking products and services.

Demonstrate the relationship-selling process.

Assist a customer in the opening of an account.

Call on small business clients.

Interpret loan terms for a client.

Describe the nature of event-based selling.

Plan a sales campaign.

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Discuss the structure and function of the nucleus including the nuclear membrane.

Describe the structure and function of the cytoplasm.

Recognize the structure and function of the organelles (centrosome, Golgi body, lysosome, mitochondria, ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole).

Human Body Organization

Identify the six levels of structural organization of the human body.

Distinguish between the levels of structural organization (chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism).

Illustrate the interdependency of each level of structural organization.

Identify directional terminology.

Explain directional terms used when referring to the human body (superior/inferior, proximal/distal, medial/lateral, anterior/posterior, superficial/deep).

Identify planes used to divide the human body (sagittal, midsagittal, transverse, frontal).

Distinguish between the body cavities and the organs located within each cavity (dorsal, cranial, vertebral, ventral, thoracic, pleural, pericardial, mediastinum, abdominopelvic, abdominal, pelvic).

Identify the body quadrants and the main organs in each quadrant (right upper quadrant- RUQ, left upper quadrant-LUQ, right lower quadrant-RLQ, left lower quadrant-LLQ).

Discuss the importance of homeostasis in the human body.

Explain what is occurring in the body during a homeostatic imbalance.

Identify variables that may cause homeostatic imbalances.

Compare and contrast negative and positive feedback mechanisms.

Human Body Chemistry

Examine the basic principles of chemical elements.

Discuss the Periodic Table of Elements and describe its role.

Identify the organic elements in the human body and list their basic functions (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen).

Compare and contrast organic and inorganic compounds.

Identify the function of common electrolytes in the human body (sodium, potassium, chloride).

Identify the basic components of atoms and describe the characteristics of ions, molecules, compounds, and bonds.

Diagram and discuss the basic components of an atom (nucleus, electron, proton, and neutron).

Differentiate between ions, cations and anions.

Compare and contrast molecules and compounds.

Recognize the characteristics of ionic, covalent and hydrogen bonds.

Show the relationship between water, acids, bases, and pH.

Discuss the properties of water and illustrate how it is utilized in the human body.

Categorize acidic, basic and neutral solutions and identify pH values of each using the pH scale.

Identify the normal pH of common body fluids (blood, intracellular fluid, gastric juice, urine).

Cell Biology

Identify the basic structures and functions of an animal cell.

Explain the structure and function of the cell membrane.

Describe the cellular transport processes and classify as active or passive.

Discuss selectively permeable membranes and determine factors which influence permeability.

Compare and contrast active transport, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis.

Compare and contrast diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis.

Determine the osmotic effects that occur when a cell is placed in an isotonic, hypotonic, and a hypertonic solution.

Describe animal cell reproduction.

Examine the process of mitosis.

Examine the process of meiosis.

Histology

Identify the characteristics and functions of the four principle types of tissue.

Describe the structure and function of epithelial tissue.

Describe the structure and function of connective tissue.

Describe the structure and function of nervous tissue.

Describe the structure and function of muscle tissue.

Differentiate between the four basic types of membranes.

Identify the location, structure, and function of cutaneous membranes.

Identify the location, structure, and function of serous membranes.

Identify the location, structure, and function of mucous membranes.

Identify the location, structure, and function of synovial membranes.

ompare and contrast exocrine and endocrine glands.

Identify and give examples of exocrine glands.

Identify and give examples of endocrine glands.

Describe the functions and locations of sudorfierous, sebaceous, and ceruminous glands.

Describe the basic structures, functions, and diseases and disorders of the integumentary system.

Identify the three layers of the skin (epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous) with respect to tissue type, function, and substructures (glands, hair, nails).

Estimate the body surface area of an adult using the Rule of Nines.

Classify burns based on depth of skin penetration.

Describe the diseases and disorders associated with the integumentary system (skin cancer (ABCDE’s of skin cancer identification), herpes, boils, warts, impetigo).

Endocrine System

Distinguish between endocrine glands and exocrine glands.

Describe, list the functions, and give examples of endocrine glands.

Identify, list the functions, and give examples of exocrine glands.

Identify the general functions of the endocrine system.

Explain how the endocrine system and the nervous system work together to maintain homeostasis.

Describe how the endocrine system regulates metabolism and body processes.

Define the term hormone and identify the location of endocrine glands, the hormones secreted, the target organ of each hormone, and the effect of the hormone.

Define the term hormone.

Identify the location of the following endocrine glands, the hormones secreted, the target organ of each hormone, and the effect of the hormone: pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, and ovaries.

Describe the diseases and disorders of the endocrine system and the homeostatic imbalance involved with each.

Discuss Addison’s disease and identify treatment and long-term prognosis.

Identify thyroid cancer, causes, and treatments.

Determine the causes of Diabetes insipidus, treatment, and long-term prognosis.

Explain cretinism and treatment options.

Identify the cause of exophthalmoses and long-term prognosis.

Skeletal System

Identify the five functions of the skeletal system.

Discuss how the skeleton gives shape and support to the body.

Identify how bones protect internal organs.

Describe muscle attachment to bones.

Identify where red blood cell formed (hematopoiesis).

Discuss the storage of calcium and phosphorous in the bones and the purpose of storing minerals.

Compare and contrast compact and spongy bone and the location and function of each.

Identify the location and function of compact bone.

Describe the location and function of spongy bone.

Explain the role of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts in bone growth and ossification and examine where these processes occur in the bone.

Differentiate the axial and appendicular skeletons.

Identify the bones of the axial skeleton.

Identify the bones of the appendicular skeleton.

Locate the following skull bones and identify their function: mandible, maxilla, zygomatic, frontal, parietal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, hyoid, temporal, mastoid process.

Illustrate the number, location and function of each of the five groups of vertebrae.

Describe bone markings, features, location, and names of long, short, flat, and irregular bones of the human body.

Identify the bone markings, features, location, and names of long bones.

Identify the bone markings, features, location, and names of short bones.

Identify the bone markings, features, location, and names of flat bones.

Identify the bone markings, features, location, and names of irregular bones.

Identify the types of joints, describe the movement of each, and classify as fibrous, synovial, or cartilaginous.

Describe a ball-and-socket joint, the movement of this joint, and examples of this type of joint.

Describe a condyloid joint, the movement of this joint, and examples of this type of joint.

Describe a gliding joint, the movement of this joint, and examples of this type of joint.

Describe a hinge joint, the movement of this joint, and examples of this type of joint.

Describe a pivot joint, the movement of this joint, and examples of this type of joint.

Describe a saddle joint, the movement of this joint, and examples of this type of joint.

Describe sutures and identify where they are located.

Compare and contrast tendons and ligaments.

Describe the characteristics of tendons.

Describe the characteristics of ligaments.

Describe the diseases and disorders of the skeletal system and the homeostatic imbalance involved with each.

Explain the disease process of osteoporosis and discuss diagnostic tests, treatment options and long-term prognosis.

Explain rheumatoid arthritis and discuss diagnostic tests, treatment options and long-term prognosis.

Explain rickets and discuss diagnostic tests, treatment options and long-term prognosis.

Explain gout and discuss diagnostic tests, treatment options and long-term prognosis.

Muscular System

Identify the general functions of the muscular system.

Describe how the muscles combine with the skeleton in providing motion and identify the terms related to muscle movement (origin, insertion, prime mover, antagonist, synergist, fixator).

Identify how substances move though the body due to contractions of involuntary muscle.

Summarize how muscle contractions produce and regulate heat (thermogenesis, shivering).

Describe how sensory receptors monitor tension and length of muscle to maintain posture.

Compare and contrast the functional characteristics of muscle tissue.

Illustrate muscle excitability.

Describe muscle contractibility.

Discuss muscle extensibility.

Explain muscle elasticity.

Compare and contrast the location, microscopic appearance, type of control (voluntary/involuntary), and functions of the three types of muscle

Identify the location, microscopic appearance, and type of control of striated muscle.

Describe the location, microscopic appearance, and type of control of cardiac muscle.

Explain the location, microscopic appearance, and type of control of smooth muscle.

Analyze the anatomy and physiology of muscle fibers and describe muscle fiber stimulation.

Identify the microscopic anatomy of a muscle fiber (sarcomere, myofibril proteins – actin and myosin).

Describe the Sliding Filament Theory of muscle contraction.

Identify the anatomy and physiology of a neuromuscular junction and describe how neurotransmitters (acetylcholine) aid in muscle contraction.

Name, locate, and describe the function of major muscles.

Identify and locate muscles whose action is voluntary controlled (biceps brachii, triceps brachii, sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, deltoid, diaphragm, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, gastrocnemius, hamstrings, quadriceps, gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius).

Distinguish muscles whose action is involuntary controlled (walls of blood vessels, walls of stomach, intestines, iris of the eye, bladder, trachea).

Describe the diseases and disorders of the muscular system and the homeostatic imbalance involved with each.

Explain the disease process of tetanus and discuss long-term prognosis.

Describe muscle cramps and identify causes and treatment options.

Describe a muscle strain and identify causes and treatment options.

Describe tendinitis and identify common locations, causes, and treatment options.

Nervous System

Identify the major functions of the nervous system.

Explain the process of sensory input.

Define integration.

Explain the process of motor output.

Compare and contrast the general organization of the nervous system.

Identify the divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) including sensory, motor (somatic/autonomic and parasympathetic/sympathic).

Identify the sections of the Central Nervous System (CNS).

Describe the structure and function of the two main types of nervous tissue.

Identify and describe the major parts of a neuron and the nerve processes.

Recognize the types of neuroglial cells, the function of each and indicate if they are located in the CNS or PNS. c- Compare and contrast white and gray matter.

Analyze and sequence the events involved when a nerve impulse is initiated.

Describe what is occurring in the neuron during the Resting Potential including the transportation of ions and voltage.

Describe what is occurring in the neuron during the Action Potential including the transportation of ions, and voltage.

Describe the reflex arc and give examples of reflexes.

Identify the five steps in a reflex arc.

Describe the process of a knee jerk reflex arc.

Describe the process of the salivary reflex arc.

Describe the process of the blinking reflex arc.

Identify the structures of the brain and explain the function of each.

Name, locate, and describe the function of the meninges.

Identify the four major areas of the brain, the location and function of each (cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem (medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain), diencephalon.

Describe the components of cerebral Spinal fluid where it is located and where it is produced (choroid plexus).

Describe the diseases and disorders of the nervous system and the homeostatic imbalance involved with each.

Describe epilepsy, causes and treatment options.

Explain the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, treatment options and long-term prognosis.

Describe Alzheimer’s disease and the long-term prognosis of someone with the disease.

Identify the symptoms of a concussion; describe how concussions are graded, treatment options for each grade, and long-term prognosis.

Special Senses

Compare and contrast general and special senses.

Identify the receptors responsible for each of the general sense sensations (pain, temperature, touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception).

Identify the special structures responsible for each of the special senses (vision, hearing, taste, smell, balance).

Identify the anatomical structures of the eye and the physiological function of each structure in regards to the sense of sight.

Label the anatomical structures of the eye (lacrimal gland and duct, extrinsic muscles, conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, choroid, iris, lens, retina, aqueous and vitreous humor).

Describe the process of vision and identify the pathway of light as it enters through the eye.

Describe the anatomy of the nose and the physiological function of each structure in regards to the sense of smell.

Label the anatomical structures of the nose (external nares, nasal vestibule, nasal cavity, internal nares, sinuses, hard palate, soft palate, olfactory bulb).

Describe the process of olfaction (olfactory epithelium, olfactory receptor cells, olfactory bulb, trigeminal nerve).

Discuss the anatomy of the tongue and the physiological function of each structure in regards to the sense of taste.

Label the anatomical structures of the tongue (taste buds, papillae, gustatory hair, taste pore, gustatory receptor cell).

Describe the physiological process of taste.

Discuss the anatomy of the ear and the physiological function of each structure in regards to the sense of hearing.

Label the anatomical structures of the ear (auricle/pinna, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane, tympanic cavity, malleus, incus, stapes, round window, semicircular canals, vestibular nerve, cochlea, cochlear nerve).

Discuss the physiological process of hearing.

Describe the diseases and disorders of the special senses and the homeostatic imbalance involved with each.

Discuss glaucoma and identify causes and treatment options.

Describe cataracts and identify causes and treatment options.

Identify the signs of color blindness and discuss the causes of the condition.

Describe hyposmia and identify the causes.

Identify dysguesia and explain the causes.

Explain tinnitus and identify the causes.

Blood, Lymphatic, & Cardiovascular Systems

Identify the components of blood, the structure of each component, and the function of each.

Describe the structure and function of erythrocytes.

Identify the structure and function of leukocytes and list the two major groups (granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils) and agranulocytes (monocytes, lymphocytes).

Explain the structure and function of thrombocytes.

Identify and label the anatomical structures of the heart and trace blood flow through the heart.

Label the anatomical structures of the heart.

Trace blood flow through the heart.

Explain the structures and functions of the conduction system of the heart and trace the pathway.

Label the structures of the conduction system of the heart.

Describe the function of the conduction system of the heart.

Trace the pathway of the conduction system of the heart.

Sequence the events of the cardiac cycle, define the term cardiac output, and identify factors that influence it.

Sequence the events of the cardiac cycle.

Define the term cardiac output.

Discuss factors that influence cardiac output.

Describe blood pressure, identify the common locations where a pulse is felt, and assess how to take how to measure blood pressure.

Identify systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Locate common places a pulse is felt.

Demonstrate how to measure blood pressure.

Describe the diseases and disorders of the blood, lymph, and cardiovascular systems and describe the homeostatic imbalance involved with each.

Compare and contrast the types of anemia and the causes of each.

Describe lymphoma and identify treatment options.

Describe lymphedema and identify causes and treatment options.

Identify causes of coronary artery disease and describe treatment options.

Compare and contrast the types of arrhythmias and the causes of each.

Identify the causes of heart failure and describe the treatment options.

Explain the phases of hemostasis.

Identify the vascular phase of hemostasis.

Explain the platelet phase of hemostasis.

Discuss the coagulation phase of hemostasis.

Describe the clot retraction phase of hemostasis.

Identify the fibrinolysis phase of hemostasis.

ABO blood types and Rh factor

Identify the antigen located on the erythrocyte to determine ABO blood type.

Describe the Rh factor and how it can affect pregnancy.

Describe the structures and functions of the lymphatic organs and explain how lymph moves through the body.

Identify the structure and function of the lymph organs (thymus, bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, appendix Peyer’s patches).

Describe how lymph moves through the body.

Compare and contrast antibodies and antigens.

Discuss antigens and describe how they elicit an immune response.

Explain how antibodies bind to antigens and signal other cells of the immune system to respond to the invading microbe.

Identify the roles of T-cells and B-cells in the immune response.

Discuss the general role of T-cells in an immune response.

Describe the general role of B-cells in an immune response.

Distinguish between active and passive immunity and natural and artificial immunity.

Compare and contrast active and passive immunity.

Compare and contrast natural and artificial immunity.

Identify the general functions of the cardiovascular system.

Describe how the cardiovascular system transports nutrients, oxygen, and hormones though out the body and removes metabolic wastes.

Discuss how the cardiovascular system protects the body by circulating lymphocytes, antibodies, and platelets.

Identify how the cardiovascular system regulates body temperature, pH, and water content of cells.

Describe the structures and functions of the cardiovascular system organs.

Identify the structures of the cardiovascular system (heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, blood).

Discuss the functions of the structures of the cardiovascular system.

Respiratory System

Sequence the general structures of the respiratory system and identify their functions.

Label the anatomical structures of the respiratory system and sequence airflow from the nose/mouth to the alveoli.

Identify the functions of the respiratory system structures.

Identify specific anatomical features of the respiratory organs.

Identify the structure and function of the pharynx.

Describe the structure and function of the larynx.

Discuss the structure and function of the trachea.

Identify the anatomical structures of the lungs and discuss the function of each.

Describe the physiology of respiration.

Compare and contrast ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration.

Describe gas exchange.

Compare and contrast tidal volume and vital capacity.

Identify how carbon dioxide affects respiration and blood pH.

Describe the diseases and disorders of the respiratory system and describe the homeostatic imbalance involved with each.

Identify the causes, symptoms, and long-term prognosis of lung cancer.

Describe the symptoms of COPD and identify treatment options.

Discuss influenza and describe treatment options.

Identify the cause of tuberculosis and describe symptoms and treatment.

Digestive System

Examine the organs of the alimentary canal, accessory structures, and the general functions of the digestive system.

Describe the functions of the mouth and tongue.

Identify the function of the pharynx.

Describe the function of the esophagus.

Identify the functions of the stomach.

Describe the divisions and the functions of the small intestines.

Identify the divisions and the functions of the large intestines.

Discuss the structure and functions of the accessory organs: salivary glands, pancreas, gallbladder, and liver.

Compare and contrast chemical and mechanical digestion and give examples of where each occurs.

Describe chemical digestion and identify where it occurs in the digestive process.

Discuss mechanical digestion and identify where it occurs in the digestive process.

Define common medical terms used in digestive processes.

Define deglutition and identify where it occurs.

Define mastication and identify where it occurs.

Define maceration and identify where it occurs.

Define segmentation and identify where it occurs.

Define peristalsis and identify where it occurs.

Define haustral churning and identify where it occurs.

Describe the diseases and disorders of the digestive system and describe the homeostatic imbalance involved with each.

Compare and contrast the types of hepatitis and identify the long-term prognosis of each.

Identify the causes of obesity and describe the relationship of associated disorders (stroke, coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus).

Describe the signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer and identify procedures for early detection and treatment options.

Identify the causes, symptoms, and treatment of GERD.

Describe gallstones, causes, and treatment options.

Urinary System

Examine organs and the general functions of the urinary system.

Identify the location and the general structure and functions of the kidneys.

Describe the location and the function of the ureters.

Identify the location and the general structure and functions of the bladder.

Identify the location and the function of the urethra.

Identify the gross and microscopic anatomy of the kidneys.

Label and describe the gross anatomical features of the kidneys.

Label and discuss the microscopic anatomical features of the kidneys.

Describe the process of urine formation.

Describe the process of filtration and identify the structures involved in the process.

Discuss the process of reabsorption and identify the structures involved in the process.

Describe the process of secretion and identify the structures involved in the process.

Compare and contrast normal and abnormal constituents of urine.

Describe the normal constituents of urine.

Identify the abnormal constituents of urine.

Examine the methods of fluid intake and output in regards to fluid balance (homeostatic balance).

Describe normal fluid intake and identify examples of fluid ingestion.

Identify the normal and abnormal means of fluid output.

Describe the diseases and disorders of the urinary system and describe the homeostatic imbalance involved with each.

Describe incontinence and identify the causes and treatment options.

Identify the signs, symptoms and causes of renal failure and describe treatment options.

Explain Glomerulonephritis and identify treatment and long-term prognosis.

Identify the signs and symptoms of bladder cancer and describe treatment options.

Reproductive System

Examine the general functions of the reproductive system.

production of male and female gametes

hormone production

Describe the anatomy and physiology of the male genitalia.

Identify and label the structures of the male reproductive system and recognize the function of each.

Describe the role of testosterone.

Describe the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive structures.

Identify and label the structures of the female reproductive system and recognize the function of each.

Describe the role of estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin.

Examine the menstrual cycle.

Sequence the menstrual cycle and describe what occurs in each stage.

Describe the changes that occur in the female during menopause.

Compare and contrast the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis.

Describe the process of oogenesis and the outcome of meiosis.

Detail the process of spermatogenesis and the outcome of meiosis.

Identify the stages of fetal development and birth.

Describe the stages of fetal development from fertilization to birth.

Identify the events associated with the three stages of labor.

Describe the diseases and disorders of the male and female reproductive systems.

Identify reproductive cancers (breast, cervical, ovarian, uterine, penile, prostate and testicular), describe signs and symptoms of each and treatment options.

Describe vaginal yeast infections and identify causes and treatments.

Explain mastitis and describe the most common cause and treatment.

Describe an ectopic pregnancy, signs and symptoms, treatment, and complications.

Identify the signs and symptoms of epididymitis causes, and treatments.

Describe male hypogonadism, causes, treatment, and long-term prognosis if not treated.

Explain the signs and symptoms of orchitis, causes, risk factors, complications, and treatment.

Develop the ability to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate situations at home, school, or work, and then apply technology to solve problems and complete tasks efficiently and effectively.

Impact on Society: Assess the impact of information technology in a global society.

Analyze how developments in information technology affect the supply/demand characteristics of the job market.

Examine how information technology changes the breadth and level of worker responsibilities.

Assess how information technology changes the manner in which training is offered and implemented.

Analyze and compare society's influence on information technology and information technology's influence on society.

Hardware: Describe current and emerging hardware; configure, install, and upgrade hardware; diagnose problems; and repair hardware.

Remove, upgrade, store, and install computer hardware and supportive software.

Repair computer hardware and solve supportive software problems.

Troubleshoot advanced hardware and supportive software problems.

Evaluate and recommend hardware to solve specific problems.

Analyze cost benefit and life cycle of hardware.

Evaluate hardware vendors, warranties, and purchasing options.

Operating Systems and Utilities: Identify, evaluate, select, install, use, upgrade, customize, and diagnose and solve problems with various types of operating systems and utilities.

Compare and contrast the functions, features, and limitations of different operating systems and utilities (e.g., open source, mobile, and proprietary operating systems).

Select operating systems and utilities appropriate for specific hardware, software, and tasks.

Install and customize operating systems and utilities.

Diagnose and repair installations and operational problems of operating systems and utilities.

Identify and use appropriate help resources (e.g., help desks, online help, and manuals) to install, configure, upgrade, diagnose, and repair operating system and utilities.

Input Technologies: Use various input technologies to enter and manipulate information appropriately.

Develop proper input technologies (e.g. keyboarding, 10-key touch pad, scanning, speech recognition, hand typing, digital inking, digital cameras, student response systems, and the use of a touch screen, mouse, or stylus).

Select appropriate input technology to optimize performance.

Apply a variety of input technologies to maximize productivity.

Optimize academic and workplace performance using a variety of input technologies.

Compose documents using a variety of input technologies.

Explore translation and digital language input tools and resources for effective global communication.

Productivity Software: Identify, evaluate, select, install, use, upgrade, and customize productivity software; diagnose and solve software problems.

Research advance software functions using knowledge-based tools (e.g., user communities, RSS feeds, tech support).

Use the collaborative features of productivity software to accomplish organizational tasks.

Diagnose and solve problems resulting from productivity software's installation and use.

Demonstrate the transferability of skills between productivity software applications.

Select and integrate productivity software products appropriate for various computer platforms.

Identify, evaluate, and select software specific to an organizational function and/or industry.

Interactive Multimedia: Use multimedia software to create media rich projects.

Identify and select appropriate multimedia file formats and properties (e.g., plug-ins, codes, compression).

Create multimedia content and prepare it for delivery (e.g. compressions, resolution).

Configure and build multimedia delivery tools (e.g. blogs, podcasting, webcasting).

Analyze multimedia delivery tools and their impact on business functions.

Select and integrate multimedia software products appropriate for various computer platforms.

Web Development and Design: Design, develop text, implement, update, and evaluate web solutions.

Identify client and target needs and create content that is readable, accessible, searchable, and sticky.

Research and apply accessibility guidelines and laws affecting website design and research and analyze hosting and domain solutions.

Design, develop, and deliver advanced web content and applications using authoring tools.

Build a comprehensive website using collaborative tools.

Design e-business and e-commerce solutions.

Troubleshoot advanced server and site dilemmas.

Information Retrieval and Synthesis: Gather, evaluate, use, cite, and disseminate information from technology sources.

Analyze the effectiveness of online information resources to support collaborative tasks, research, publications, communications and increased productivity.

Synthesize information from data sources to formulate decisions.

Use mathematical and/or statistical methods to manipulate data into useful information.

Present analyzed information in a meaningful format.

Database Management Systems: Use, plan, develop, and maintain database management systems.

Explain the nature and interrelationships of bytes, field, records, and databases.

Use database application development tools to create information systems to solve organization problems.

Identify and select logical and physical structures appropriate for specific applications.

Explore industry standards for cross-platform interface development (e.g. XML, ASP, PHP).

Develop retention schedules that adhere to organization policies and federal and state law.

Design and implement a database server solution.

Use data mining techniques to extract useful information.

Systems Analysis and Design: Analyze and design information systems using appropriate development tools.

Identify and explain the steps in the systems development life cycle.

Use project management tools to manage information systems development projects.

Define system requirements using structures systems analysis tools.

Incorporate appropriate human interface design principles.

Develop design specifications for record types, output, and data stores.

Create appropriate documentation for information systems.

Develop a testing plan and a training plan.

Programming and Application Development: Design, develop, test, and implement programs.

Choose the appropriate language or application development tool for specific tasks.

Develop both procedural and object-oriented programs.

Use application development tools to create code. Code common tasks (e.g. creating, adding, deleting, sorting, and updating records).

Code a program solution in more than one programming language.

Create a project to solve a business problem integrating mobile platforms.

Telecommunications and Infrastructures: Develop the skills to design, deploy, and administer networks and telecommunications systems.

Identify network devices, including network connectivity hardware, and describe their function.

Use appropriate tools to document network topologies and configurations (e.g., graphic modeling tools, network analyzers).

Apply theoretical models (OSI) and the concept of layers to design, to manage, and troubleshoot networks.

Describe server functions, including specialized servers (e.g., Web, DHCP, DNS, mail, proxy servers), and identify hardware and software requirements.

Install and configure routers to simulate a LAN/WAN environment.

Establish interoperability in a multiserver, multivendor network operating system environment.

Identify, analyze, and evaluate emerging communications technologies for use in organizations.

Information Technology Planning and Acquisition: Plan the selection and acquisition of information technologies.

Identify and analyze user needs within an organization and identify the information technology solutions to meet organization needs.

Analyze, compare, and contrast total costs of ownership for information technology solutions.

Develop a request for proposal for an information system and evaluate bid specifications received from vendors.

Develop and present a project plan for identifying, evaluating, selecting, purchasing, installing, and supporting an information system.

Security, Privacy, and Risk Management: Design and implement security, privacy, and risk management policies and procedures for information technology.

Implement procedures used to recover information from failures and security breaches (e.g., malware, viral infection).

Implement controls to prevent loss of integrity of data and other information resources.

Identify and select controls for personnel, facilities, data, communications systems and applications appropriate to specific risks.

Design and implement a security plan for an information system, including communications systems.

Ethical and Legal Issues: Describe, analyze, develop, and follow policies for managing ethical and legal issues in organizations and in a technology-based society.

Implement organization policies and procedures dealing with legal and ethical issues.

Analyze legal and ethical dilemmas within the framework of current laws and legislation (e.g., virus development, hacking, threats, phishing).

Read, interpret, and adhere to software license agreements and legal mandates.

Write organization policy for the legal and ethical use of information (e.g., code of ethics).

Technical Support and Training: Develop the technical and interpersonal skills and knowledge to train and support the user community.

Develop technical writing, digital communication, and presentation skills to work effectively with globally and culturally diverse individuals.

Use a logical and structured approach to isolate and identify problem sources and resolve problems.

Identify, evaluate, and use resources (e.g., hardware, software, and online) for problem identification and resolution.

Train end users to recognize and solve typical information technology problems.

Develop training materials for users.

Plan, design, deliver, and evaluate user training.

Information Technology and Business Functions: Describe the information technology components of business functions and explain their interrelationships.

Identify and explain the major components of marketing and sales information technologies and their interrelationships.

Identify and explain the major components of Accounting and finance information technologies and their interrelationships.

Identify and explain the major components of manufacturing and logistics information technologies and their interrelationships.

Identify and explain the major components of research and development information technologies and their interrelationships.

Identify and explain the major components of human resource management information technologies and their interrelationships.

Explore positions and career paths in information technology.

Identify common tasks performed by information technology workers.

Describe education, experience skills, and personal requirements for careers in information technology.

Describe the impact of technological change on information technology positions and the resulting need for lifelong learning and retraining.

Experience an information technology career (e.g., internship, volunteer, entry level job).

Identify the benefits of industry certifications and higher education pathways for various information technology fields.

Technical Skills: Use the technical knowledge and skills required to pursue the targeted Architecture & Construction careers for all pathways in the career cluster, including knowledge of design, operation, and maintenance of technological systems critical to the career cluster.

Read, interpret, and use technical drawings, documents, and specifications to plan a project.

Interpret drawings used in project planning.

Use architect's plan, manufacturer's illustrations and other materials to communicate specific data and visualize proposed work.

Use and maintain appropriate tools, machinery, equipment, and resources to accomplish project goals.

Select tools, machinery, equipment, and resources that match requirements of the job.

Identify sources of information concerning state of the art tools, equipment, materials, technologies and methodologies.

Demonstrate use of tools, machinery, equipment and other resources commonly used in design and construction.

Understand purpose for scheduling as it relates to successful completion of the project.

Develop a schedule for a specific project.

Explain rationale for a specific scheduling procedure.

Create and apply a jobsite safety program to ensure safe practices and procedures.

Determine procedures for a jobsite safety program.

Explain the importance of workers being OSHA certified.

Examine building systems and components to evaluate their usefulness to a project.

Identify building systems needed to complete a construction project.

Integrate multiple life roles and responsibilities in family, work, and community settings.

Analyze strategies to manage multiple roles and responsibilities (individual, family, career, community, and global).

Summarize local and global policies, issues, and trends in the workplace and community that affect individuals and families.

Analyze the effects of social, economic, and technological change on work and family dynamics.

Analyze ways that individual career goals can affect the family's capacity to meet goals for all family members.

Demonstrate transferable and employability skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Analyze potential career choices to determine the knowledge, skills, and attitudes associated with each career.

Demonstrate job seeking and job keeping skills.

Apply communication skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Demonstrate teamwork skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Analyze strategies to manage the effects of changing technologies in workplace settings.

Demonstrate leadership skills and abilities in school, workplace and community settings.

Analyze factors that contribute to maintaining safe and healthy school, work and community environments.

Demonstrate work ethics and professionalism.

Evaluate management practices related to the human, economic, and environmental resources.

Demonstrate management of individual and family resources such as food, clothing, shelter, health care, recreation, transportation, time, and human capital.

Apply management and planning skills and processes to organize tasks and responsibilities.

Analyze policies that support consumer rights and responsibilities.

Analyze state and federal policies and laws providing consumer protection.

Analyze how policies become laws relating to consumer rights.

Analyze skills used in seeking information relating to consumer rights.

Evaluate the effects of technology on individual and family resources.

Summarize types of technology that affects family and consumer decision-making.

Analyze how media and technological advances affect family and consumer decisions.

Assess the use of technology and its effect on quality of life.

Analyze relationships between the economic system and consumer actions.

Analyze the use of resources in making choices that satisfy needs and wants of individuals and families.

Analyze individual and family roles in the economic system.

Analyze economic effects of laws and regulations that pertain to consumers and providers of services.

Demonstrate management of financial resources to meet the goals of individuals and families across the life span.

Evaluate the need for personal and family financial planning.

Apply management principles to individual and family financial practices.

Apply management principles to decisions about insurance for individuals and families.

Evaluate personal and legal documents related to managing individual and family finances.

Integrate knowledge, skills, and practices needed for a career in consumer services.

Analyze career paths within consumer service industries.

Explain roles and functions of individuals engaged in consumer service careers.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in consumer service professions.

Analyze factors in developing a long-term financial management plan.

Demonstrate components of a financial planning process that reflect the distinction between needs, wants, values, goals, and economic resources.

Analyze the effect of consumer credit in long-term financial planning.

Compare investment and savings alternatives.

Analyze the effects of risk management strategies on long-term financial planning.

Analyze the effect of key life transitions on financial planning.

Analyze factors that influence establishing and maintaining a good credit rating and the effect of credit ratings on rates and terms for credit and insurance.

Demonstrate skills needed for product development, testing, and presentation.

Design or analyze a consumer product.

Analyze features, prices, product information, styles, and performance of consumer goods for potential trade-offs among the components.

Evaluate a product utilizing valid and reliable testing procedures.

Evaluate the labeling, packaging, and support materials of consumer goods.

Demonstrate a product to educate an audience about a new product on the consumer market.

Integrate knowledge, skills, and practices required for careers in early childhood, education, and services.

Analyze career paths within early childhood, education & related services.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in early childhood, education, and services.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in education and early childhood.

Demonstrate a safe and healthy learning environment for children.

Apply safe and healthy practices that comply with state regulations.

Integrate knowledge, skills, and practices required for careers in facilities, food and design.

Analyze career paths within the facilities management and maintenance areas.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in facilities management and maintenance careers.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in facilities management and maintenance professions.

Demonstrate a work environment that provides safety and security.

Demonstrate safe procedures in the use, care, and storage of equipment.

Apply safety and security procedures as required by Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP), Occupational Safety and Health Administrations (OSHA), and other agencies.

Demonstrate facilities management functions.

Demonstrate quality customer service which exceeds customer expectations.

Conduct orientation, regular training and education, and on the job training/retraining.

Analyze career paths within the food production and food services industries.

Explain the roles, duties, and functions of individuals engaged in food production and services careers.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in food production and services.

Analyze career paths within food science, food technology, dietetics, and nutrition industries.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in food science, food technology, dietetics, and nutrition careers.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in food science, food technology, dietetics, and nutrition careers.

Analyze career paths within the housing, interiors, and furnishings industry.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in housing, interiors, and furnishings careers.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in housing, interiors, and furnishings professions.

Synthesize knowledge, skills and practices required for careers in hospitality, tourism, and recreation.

Analyze career paths within family and community services.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in family and community services careers.

Analyze opportunities for employment and entrepreneurial endeavors.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in family and community services professions.

Analyze career paths within the hospitality, tourism and recreation industries.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in hospitality, tourism, and recreation careers.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in the hospitality, tourism, and recreation professions.

Demonstrate procedures applied to safety, security, and environmental issues.

Explain the importance of safety, security, and environmental issues related to the hospitality, tourism, and recreation industries.

Evaluate evacuation plans and emergency procedures.

Design a system for documenting, investigating, and taking action on safety, security, and environmental issues.

Demonstrate respectful and caring relationships in the family, workplace and community.

Analyze personal needs and characteristics and their effects on interpersonal relationships.

Analyze the effects of personal characteristics on relationships.

Analyze the effect of personal need on relationships.

Analyze the effects of self-esteem and self-image on relationships.

Explain the effects of personal standards and behaviors on interpersonal relationships.

Demonstrate communication skills that contribute to positive relationships.

Analyze communication styles and their effects on relationships.

Demonstrate verbal and nonverbal behaviors and attitudes that contribute to effective communication.

Demonstrate effective listening and feedback techniques.

Analyze the effects of communication technology in family, work, and community settings.

Analyze the roles and functions of communication in family, work, and community settings.

(Evaluate effective conflict prevention and management techniques.

Explain how similarities and differences among people affect conflict prevention and management.

Apply the roles of decision making and problem solving in reducing and managing conflict.

Demonstrate nonviolent strategies that address conflict.

Demonstrate effective responses to harassment.

Assess community resources that support conflict prevention and management.

Demonstrate teamwork and leadership skills in the family, workplace, and community.

Create an environment that encourages and respects the ideas, perspectives, and contributions of all group members.

Demonstrate standards that guide behavior in interpersonal relationships.

Apply critical thinking and ethical criteria to evaluate interpersonal relationships.

Apply guidelines for assessing the nature of issues and situations.

Apply critical thinking and ethical standards when making judgments and taking action.

Demonstrate ethical behavior in family, workplace, and community settings.

Compare the relative merits of opposing points of view regarding current ethical issues.

Demonstrate nutrition and wellness practices that enhance individual and family well-being.

Evaluate the nutritional needs of individuals and families in relation to health and wellness across the life span.

Analyze the effect of nutrients on health, appearance, and peak performance.

Integrate knowledge, skills, and practices required for careers in textiles and apparels.

Analyze career paths within textile apparel and design industries.

Explain the roles and functions of individuals engaged in textiles and apparel careers.

Analyze the role of professional organizations in textiles, fashion, and apparel industries.

Evaluate the components of customer service.

Analyze factors that contribute to quality customer relations.

Analyze the influences of cultural diversity as a factor in customer relations.

Demonstrate the skills necessary for quality customer service.

Create solutions to address customer concerns.

Demonstrate general operational procedures required for business profitability and career success.

Analyze personal and employer responsibilities and liabilities regarding industry-related safety, security, and environmental factors.

Analyze operational costs such as mark ups, mark downs, cash flow, and other factors affecting profit.

Use reasoning processes, individually and collaboratively, to take responsible action in families, workplaces, and communities.

Analyze recurring and evolving family, workplace, and community concerns.

Describe recurring and evolving concerns facing individuals, families, workplaces, and communities.

Describe level of concerns: individual, family, workplace, community, cultural/societal, global/environment.

Implement practical reasoning for responsible action in families, workplaces, and communities.

Evaluate the conditions of a particular concern, e.g. historical, social-psychological, socioeconomic, political, cultural, global/environmental.

Use adequate and reliable information to critique possible actions.

Implement and monitor a plan of action based on established standards and valued ends.

Use reasoning processes, individually and collaboratively, to take responsible action in families, workplace and communities.

Apply decision making/problem-solving skills as related to personal values and goals.

Clarify personal values for a better understanding of self.

Document realistic long and short-term goals.

Evaluate reason for self and others

Analyze different kinds of reasoning (e.g., scientific, practical, interpersonal).

Establish criteria for adequate reasoning.

Contrast consequences of adequate and inadequate reasoning for self, others, culture/society, and global environment.

Analyze recurring and evolving family, workplace and community concerns.

Describe recurring and evolving concerns facing individuals, families, workplaces, and communities.

Describe conditions and circumstances that create or sustain recurring and evolving concerns.

Describe levels of concerns: individual, family, workplace, community, cultural/societal, and global/environmental.

Analyze practical reasoning components.

Analyze short-term and long-term consequences on self, family, culture/society, and global environment.

Analyze assumptions that underlie beliefs and actions.

Distinguish adequate and/or reliable information from inadequate and/or unreliable information

Analyze role exchange, universal consequences, the role of ethics, and other tests for making responsible judgments.

Implement practical reasoning for responsible action in families, workplaces and communities.

Describe a particular recurring and evolving individual, family, workplace, or community concern.

Select goals/valued ends to resolve a particular concern.

Establish standards for choosing responsible action to address a particular concern.

Evaluate the conditions of a particular concern, e.g. historical, social-psychological, socioeconomic, political, cultural, global/environmental.

Generate reasonable actions for reaching goals/valued ends for a particular concern.

Evaluate potential short- and long-term consequences of possible actions on self, others, culture/society, and global environment.

Design a plan for accomplishing a selected action.

Implement and monitor a plan of action based on established standards and valued ends.

Evaluate actions and results, including consequences on self, others, culture/society, and global environment.

Evaluate practical reasoning processes.

Evaluate management practices related to the human, economic and environmental resources.

Demonstrate management of individual and family resources such as food, clothing, shelter, healthcare, recreation, transportation, time and human capital.

Apply management and planning skills and processes to organize tasks and responsibilities.

Apply consumer skills to providing and maintaining clothing.

Apply consumer skills to decisions about housing, utilities, and furnishings.

Summarize information about procuring and maintaining health care to meet the needs of individuals and family members.

Apply consumer skills to decisions about recreation.

Apply consumer skills to acquire and maintain transportation that meets the needs of individuals and family members.

Evaluate the effects of technology on individual and family resources.

Summarize types of technology that affect family and consumer decision-making.

Analyze how media and technological advances affect family and consumer decisions.

Assess the use of technology and its effect on quality of life.

Demonstrate management of financial resources to meet the goals of individuals and families across the lifespan.

Examine the needs for personal and family financial planning.

Apply management principles to individual and family financial practices.

Apply management principles to decisions about individual and family insurance.

Analyze policies that support consumer rights and responsibilities.

Analyze state and federal policies and laws providing consumer protection.

Analyze how policies become laws relating to consumer rights.

Analyze skills used in seeking information to consumer rights.

Analyze the relationship of the environment to family and consumer resources

Analyze individual and family responsibility in relation to the environmental trends and issues.

Summarize environmental trends and issues affecting families and future generations.

Demonstrate behaviors that conserve, reuse, and recycle resources to maintain the environment.

Integrate multiple life roles and responsibilities in family work and community settings.

Evaluate the reciprocal effects of individual and family participation in community activities.

Analyze goals that support individuals and family members in carrying out community and civic responsibilities.

Demonstrate skills that individuals and families can utilize to support civic engagement in community activities.

Analyze personal and family assets and skills that provide service to the community.

Analyze community resources and systems of formal and informal support available to individuals and families.

Demonstrate transferable and employability skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Analyze potential career choices to determine the knowledge, skills, and attitudes associated with each career.

Demonstrate job seeking and job keeping skills.

Apply communication skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Demonstrate teamwork skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Analyze strategies to manage multiple roles and responsibilities (individual, family, career, community and global)

Analyze the effects of social, economic, and technological change on work and family dynamics.

Analyze ways that individual career goals can affect the family's capacity to meet goals for all family members.

Analyze potential effects of career path decisions on balancing work and family.

Develop a life plan, including pathways to acquiring the knowledge and skills needed to achieve individual.

Evaluate the significance of family and its effects on the well being of individuals and society.

Evaluate the effects of diverse perspectives, needs and characteristics of individuals and families.

Demonstrate awareness of multiple diversities and their effects on individuals, families, and society.

Analyze the effects of empathy for diversity on individuals in family, work, and community settings.

Integrate knowledge, skills and practices needed for a career in consumer services.

Analyze factors in developing a long-term financial management plan.

Explain the effects of the economy on personal income, individual and family security, and consumer decisions.

Demonstrate components of a financial planning process that reflect the distinction between needs, wants, values, goals, and economic resources.

Analyze the effect of consumer credit in long-term financial planning.

Compare investment and savings alternatives.

Analyze the effects of risk management strategies on long-term financial planning.

Analyze the effect of key life transitions on financial planning.

Explain the role of estate planning in long-term financial planning.

Analyze factors that influence establishing and maintaining a good credit rating and the effect of credit ratings on rates and terms for credit and insurance.

Investigate credit reports and rating and practice effective credit management techniques.

Analyze factors that affect consumer advocacy.

Analyze the role of advocacy groups at state and national levels.

Analyze the contributions of policy makers to consumer advocacy.

Demonstrate strategies that enable consumers to become advocates.

Apply strategies to reduce the risk of consumer fraud.

Analyze the role of media in consumer advocacy.

Analyze the effects of business and industry policies and procedures on advocacy.

Analyze the use of educational and promotional materials in consumer advocacy.

Integrate knowledge, skills and practices required for careers in housing, interiors and furnishings.

Evaluate client's needs, goals and resources in creating design plans for housing, interiors and furnishings.

Assess community, family, and financial resources needed to achieve clients' housing and interior goals.

Critique design plans that address client's needs, goals and resources.

Demonstrate respectful and caring relationships in the family, workplace and community.

Demonstrate teamwork and leadership skills in the family, workplace and community.

Create an environment that encourages and respects the ideas, perspectives, and contributions of all group members.

Demonstrate strategies to motivate, encourage, and build trust in-group members.

Demonstrate strategies that utilize the strengths and minimize the limitations of team members.

Demonstrate techniques that develop team and community spirit.

Demonstrate ways to organize and delegate responsibilities.

Create strategies to integrate new members into the team.

Demonstrate processes for cooperating, compromising, and collaborating.

Demonstrate nutrition and wellness practices that enhance individual and family well-being.

Analyze factors that influence nutrition and wellness practices across the lifespan.

Explain physical, emotional, social, psychological, and spiritual components of individual and family wellness.

Analyze the effects of psychological, cultural, and social influences on food choices and other nutrition practices.

Analyze the governmental, economic, and technological influences on food choices and practices.

Analyze the effects of global and local events and conditions on food choices and practices.

Analyze legislation and regulations related to nutrition and wellness.

Demonstrate ability to select, store, prepare, and serve nutritious and aesthetically pleasing foods.

Evaluate the effects of parenting roles and responsibilities on strengthening the well-being of individuals and families.

Evaluate external support systems that provide services for parents.

Assess community resources and services available to families.

Synthesize knowledge, skills and practices required for careers in family & community services.

Analyze career paths with in family and community services.

Assess health, wellness and safety issues of individuals and families with a variety of disadvantaging conditions.

Analyze opportunities for employment and entrepreneurial endeavors.

Summarize education and training requirements and opportunities for career paths in family & community services.

Analyze participants' strengths, needs, preferences, and interests across the life span through formal and informal assessment practices.

Use reasoning processes, individually and collaboratively, to take responsible action in families, workplaces, and communities.

Evaluate reasoning for self and others.

Analyze different kinds of reasoning (e.g., scientific, practical, interpersonal).

Distinguish between adequate and inadequate reasoning.

Establish criteria for adequate reasoning.

Contrast consequences of adequate and inadequate reasoning for self, others, culture/society, and global environment.

Implement practical reasoning for responsible action in families, workplaces, and communities.

Synthesize information from a variety of sources that are judged to be reliable.

Select goals/valued ends to resolve a particular concern.

Establish standards for choosing responsible action to address a particular concern.

Generate reasonable actions for reaching goals/valued ends for a particular concern.

Use adequate and reliable information to critique possible actions.

Evaluate potential short- and long-term consequences of possible actions on self, others, culture/society, and global environment.

Design a plan for accomplishing a selected action.

Select an action supported by justified reasons, valued ends, contextual conditions, and positive consequences of actions.

Justify possible reasons and actions based on valued ends and information that is judged to be adequate and reliable.

Evaluate practical reasoning processes

Analyze practical reasoning components.

Distinguish adequate and/or reliable information from inadequate and/or unreliable information.

Analyze short-term and long-term consequences on self, family, culture/society, and global environment.

Differentiate types of knowledge needed for reasoned action: value-ends, goals, contextual factors, possible actions, and consequences.

Analyze role exchange, universal consequences, the role of ethics, and other tests for making responsible judgments.

Demonstrate scientific inquiry and reasoning to gain factual knowledge and test theories on which to base judgments for action.

Delineate scope, concepts, and scientific terminology for a particular inquiry.

Judge validity and reliability of information, sources, opinions, and evidence.

Draw conclusions based on data and information that are judged to be reliable.

Analyze recurring and evolving family, workplace, and community concerns.

Classify different types of concerns (e.g., theoretic, technical, practical) and possible methods for addressing them.

Describe recurring and evolving concerns facing individuals, families, workplaces, and communities

Describe levels of concerns: individual, family, workplace, community, cultural/societal, global/environmental.

Describe conditions and circumstances that create or sustain recurring and evolving concerns.

Analyze short-term and long-term consequences on self, family, culture/society, and global environment.

Integrate multiple life roles and responsibilities in family, work, and community settings.

Demonstrate transferable and employability skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Analyze potential career choices to determine the knowledge, skills, and attitudes associated with each career.

Demonstrate leadership skills and abilities in school, workplace and community settings.

Demonstrate teamwork skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Apply communication skills in school, community and workplace settings.

Demonstrate job seeking and job keeping skills.

Demonstrate work ethics and professionalism.

Analyze strategies to manage multiple roles and responsibilities (individual, family, career, community, and global).

Define goals for life-long learning and leisure opportunities for all family members.

Demonstrate respectful and caring relationships in the family, workplace and community.

Demonstrate communication skills that contribute to positive relationships.

Analyze communication styles and their effects on relationships.

Demonstrate effective listening and feedback techniques.

Analyze strategies to overcome communication barriers in family, community and work settings.

Apply ethical principles of communication in family, community and work settings.

Analyze the effects of communication technology in family, work, and community settings.

Analyze the roles and functions of communication in family, work, and community settings.

Evaluate effective conflict prevention and management techniques.

Demonstrate effective responses to harassment.

Evaluate management practices related to the human, economic, and environmental resources.

Demonstrate management of individual and family resources such as food, clothing, shelter, health care, recreation, transportation, time, and human capital.

Summarize information about procuring and maintaining health care to meet the needs of individuals and family members.

Demonstrate management of financial resources to meet the goals of individuals and families across the life span.

Evaluate personal and legal documents related to managing individual and family finances.

Apply management principles to individual and family financial practices.

Apply management principles to decisions about insurance for individuals and families.

Evaluate the need for personal and family financial planning.

Integrate knowledge, skills, and practices needed for a career.

Analyze pathways within the Colorado Career Cluster Model.

Relate roles and functions of individuals engaged in careers within the Colorado Career Cluster Model.

Summarize education, training requirements and opportunities for career paths in the Colorado Career Cluster Model.

Analyze components of a career choice.

Recognize the role of professional organizations in chosen professions.

Create an employment portfolio for use with applying for internships and work-based learning opportunities within a career.

Business Law: Describe and abide by laws and regulations in order to manage business operations and transactions in corporate finance.

Describe regulations governing corporate finance.

Explain laws and regulations pertaining to business finance.

Explain the nature of business taxation.

Describe regulations and laws governing ownership change transactions.

Explain the role of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in the regulation of corporate finance.

Discuss the impact of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Division of Corporation Finance on business finance.

Financial Analysis: Maintain, monitor, control, and plan the use of financial resources to ensure business stability.

Describe fundamental financial concepts involved in the management of corporate finances.

Discuss the nature of depreciation.

Describe the nature of cash flows.

Discuss the need for efficient capital markets in corporate finance.

Explain the role of efficient capital markets in business finance.

Explore capital budgeting.

Discuss the capital budgeting process.

Perform calculations necessary for capital budgeting decision-making.

Calculate the initial investment associated with a proposed capital expenditure.

Determine operating cash inflows.

Determine terminal cash flow.

Conduct cash flow analysis to select an acceptable capital expenditure.

Discuss the nature of relevant cash flow analysis.

Explain the nature of the payback period.

Calculate the payback period.

Discuss the use of net present value (NPV).

Explain the relationship between the internal rate of return and net present value.

Calculate the net present value (NPV).

Calculate the internal rate of return (IRR).

Explain the role of financial planning in corporate finance.

Discuss the financial planning process.

Discuss the nature of short-term (operating) financial plans.

Describe the nature of long-term (strategic) financial plans.

Conduct cash planning.

Explain the use of cash budgets.

Cope with uncertainty in cash budgets.

Prepare a cash budget.

Evaluate a cash budget.

Conduct profit planning.

Discuss the use of pro forma statements in profit planning.

Develop a pro forma income statement.

Prepare a pro forma balance sheet.

Evaluate pro forma statements.

Describe short-term financial management.

Describe the nature of short-term financial management.

Explain the role of valuation in making appropriate financial decisions for a company.

Discuss the role of project valuation in capital allocation decisions.

Discuss methods for valuing flexibility.

Discuss the valuation implications in business finance.

Analyze a company's financial statements.

Discuss the analysis of a company's financial situation using its financial statements.

Discuss external forces affecting a company's value.

Explain how value is created for a company.

Analyze a company's financial situation.

Calculate business ratios to evaluate company performance.

Discuss the use of financial ratios in business finance.

Determine business liquidity.

Calculate corporate activity ratios.

Calculate corporate debt ratios.

Calculate business profitability.

Calculate market ratios.

Discuss the use of benchmarks when analyzing ratios.

Describe bankruptcy prediction models.

Utilize capital market securities to secure financing for a company.

Discuss ways to determine the best financing option for a company.

Determine financing options for a company.

Discuss the nature of corporate bonds.

Discuss the cost of long-term debt.

Determine the cost of long-term debt.

Discuss the issuance of stock from a corporation.

Calculate the cost of preferred stock.

Discuss the cost of common stock.

Calculate the cost of common stock.

Explain the role of dividends in corporate finance.

Explain forms of dividends.

Explain the nature of dividend reinvestment plans (DRIPs).

Describe the effect of a firm's dividend decisions on its external financing requirements.

Discuss the residual theory of dividends.

Describe the impact of dividends on the value of the firm.

Explain the nature of a dividend policy.

Discuss factors to consider when deciding on the form of dividend distribution.

Analyze ownership change transactions.

Compare mergers and acquisitions.

Explain the nature of hostile takeovers.

Discuss issues that arise from mergers and acquisitions.

Explain methods for evaluating potential merger/acquisition targets.

Evaluate potential merger/acquisition targets.

Discuss the nature of restructurings.

Professional Development: Utilize career planning concepts, tools, and strategies to explore, obtain, and develop in a corporate finance career.

Discuss the fundamentals of corporate finance.

Describe the nature of business finance.

Discuss the role of ethics in corporate finance.

Discuss business ethics for business finance.

Discuss corporate responsibility issues in business finance.

Describe the relationship of corporate governance and corporate finance.

Discuss corporate governance issues in business finance.

Describe the components of a well-governed company (e.g. board of directors, reporting, transparency, internal and external audit functions).

Describe careers in corporate finance.

Explain the role and responsibilities of financial managers.

Explain the role and responsibilities of a financial analyst.

Describe the role and responsibilities of a controller.

Describe the role and responsibilities of a risk manager.

Discuss the role and responsibilities of a treasurer.

Discuss the role and responsibilities of a chief financial officer (CFO).

Explore corporate finance licensing and certification programs.

Explain professional designations in the field of business finance (e.g. CF, CFA, CCM, CTP, CFM, etc.).

Risk Management: Employ risk management strategies and techniques in corporate finance to minimize business loss.

Manage risk protecting a business's well-being.

Discuss the relationship between risk management and business finance.

Discuss the nature of risk measurement.

Measure risk.

Explain the nature of interest rate risk.

Manage interest rate risk.

Explain approaches to financial risk management.

Discuss the use of derivatives in financial risk management.

Evaluate the risks of derivatives.

Discuss reasons to integrate risk management into business operations.

Identify business risks.

Integrate risk management into business operations.

Explain enterprise risk management.

Discuss the nature of enterprise risk management (ERM).

Describe management's responsibility to know and abide by laws and regulations that affect business operations and transactions.

Adhere to regulations for business expansion to meet government requirements and industry standards.

Follow domestic laws governing business expansion.

Follow laws governing global expansion.

Describe how government/legal activities affect global trade.

Describe customs regulations.

Comply with export licensing regulations.

Obtain releases and clearances to export products.

Explain the nature of legal recourse in resolving global business disputes.

Communication Skills: Obtain and convey ideas and information to impact business decisions and report on organizational activities.

Write internal and external analytical reports (i.e., reports that examine a problem/issue and recommend an action).

Write analytical reports (i.e., reports that examine a problem/issue and recommend an action).

Write research report.

Economics: Apply economic concepts fundamental to global business operations.

Describe global trade's impact on business activities.

Discuss the impact of globalization on business.

Explain cultural considerations that impact global business relations.

Describe the impact of electronic communication tools (e.g., Internet, video- and computer-conferencing, webcasts, email) on global business activities.

Explain the impact of major trade alliances on business activities.

Describe the impact of the political environment on world trade.

Explain the impact of geography on world trade.

Describe the impact of a country's history on world trade.

Explain the impact of a country's economic development on world trade.

Discuss the potential impact of emerging economies on business activities.

Emotional Intelligence: Employ and manage techniques, strategies, and systems used by management to foster self-understanding and enhance business relationships.

Demonstrate managerial ethics.

Use ethics in staff supervision.

Explain the nature of managerial ethics.

Manage internal and external inter-cultural business relationships.

Explain the impact of business customs and practices on global trade.

Describe the nature of business customs and practices in the North American market.

Explain the nature of business customs and practices in Europe.

Explain the nature of business customs and practices in Latin America.

Describe the nature of business customs and practices in the Pacific Rim.

Discuss the nature of business customs and practices in the Middle East.

Financial Analysis: Maintain, monitor, plan, and control the use of financial resources to protect a business's fiscal well-being.

Manage business risks to protect a business's financial well-being.

Identify a business's risks.

Assess business risks.

Assess task risks.

Assess accounting risks.

Assess legal risks.

Evaluate speculative business risks.

Assess business's potential to expand into new markets.

Select risk-management strategies.

Develop risk-management plan.

Evaluate risk-management plan.

Manage financial resources to ensure solvency.

Interpret cash-flow solvency.

Monitor business's profitability.

Operations: Plan, monitor, and control day-to-day business functions to ensure continued business operations.

Manage purchasing activities to obtain the best service/product at the least cost.

Maintain vendor/supplier relationships.

Negotiate terms with vendors.

Establish bid specifications.

Manage quality-control processes to minimize errors and to expedite workflow.

Explain the nature of quality management.

Discuss the need for continuous improvement of the quality process.

Develop continuous-improvement strategies.

Develop a plan/program for quality achievement.

Strategic Management: Plan, organize, and control an organization/department to optimize overall business success.

Explain management's role in contributing to successful business operations.

Describe factors that influence management.

Discuss the nature of global management.

Explain management theories and their applications.

Plan organization's/department's activities to guide and support decisions and to ensure that staff focus on priorities.

Describe the strategic planning process within an organization.

Develop strategies for achieving company vision.

Determine alternative actions to take when goals are not being met.

Develop business plans to meet company needs.

Develop company vision.

Determine business's overall global strategy.

Develop company's management plan.

Plan for future company growth to guide company operations.

Evaluate opportunities for potential company changes.

Develop processes that can be used to improve business results.

Analyze exit plan options.

Determine benchmarks to use in evaluating company performance.

Identify and set benchmarks for key performance indicators.

Design organizational structure to facilitate business activities.

Describe organizational structures for managing foreign business activities.

Develop an organizational plan for human resources.

Develop an organizational strategy for foreign businesses.

Determine staffing needs to minimize costs while maximizing business contribution.

Describe the nature of human-resources planning.

Explain approaches to the identification of human resources in foreign markets.

Determine causes of staff turnover.

Control organization's/department's activities to monitor business activities and to make business decisions.

Discuss the importance of the coordinating/controlling role in the business environment.

Evaluate individual department's contribution to organizational effectiveness.

Apply benchmarking techniques.

Interpret internal information for strategic planning (e.g., financial/accounting, marketing, operations, human resources. information technology, and individual employee data).

Assess company's strategic-planning processes.

Compare company performance with established benchmarks to determine company success.

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Adjust growth projections impacting facilities and equipment to foster profitable operations.

Apply performance standards to evaluate employees.

Identify and communicate performance standards.

Identify and communicate policies and procedures for reviewing performance.

Track performance indicators and develop performance reports.

Develop timely responses to employee performance evaluations.

Provide feedback response on employee's performance.

Implement performance improvement plans.

Amend employee work plans to account for performance evaluation results.

Provide strategies for rewarding employee performance.

Demonstrate respectful and caring relationships in the family, workplace and community.

Analyze functions and expectations of various types of relationships.

Analyze processes for building and maintaining interpersonal relationships.

Predict the effects of various stages of the family life cycle on interpersonal relationships.

Compare physical, emotional, spiritual and intellectual functioning in stable and unstable relationships.

Analyze factors that contribute to healthy and unhealthy relationships.

Analyze processes for handling unhealthy relationships.

Demonstrate stress management strategies for family, work, and community settings.

Analyze personal needs and characteristics and their effects on interpersonal relationships.

Analyze the effects of personal characteristics on relationships.

Analyze the effect of personal need on relationships.

Analyze the effects of self-esteem and self-image on relationships.

Analyze the effects of life span events and conditions on relationships.

Explain the effects of personal standards and behaviors on interpersonal relationships.

Demonstrate communication skills that contribute to positive relationships.

Analyze communication styles and their effects on relationships.

Demonstrate verbal and nonverbal behaviors and attitudes that contribute to effective communication.

Demonstrate effective listening and feedback techniques.

Analyze strategies to overcome communication barriers in family, community and work settings.

Analyze the effects of communication technology in family, work, and community settings.

Analyze the roles and functions of communication in family, work, and community settings.

Evaluate effective conflict prevention and management techniques

Explain how similarities and differences among people affect conflict prevention and management.

Apply the roles of decision making and problem solving in reducing and managing conflict.

Demonstrate nonviolent strategies that address conflict.

Demonstrate effective responses to harassment.

Assess community resources that support conflict prevention and management.

Demonstrate teamwork and leadership skills in the family, workplace, and community

Create an environment that encourages and respects the ideas, perspectives, and contributions of all group members.

Demonstrate strategies that utilize the strengths and minimize the limitations of team members.

Demonstrate processes for cooperating, compromising, and collaborating.

Demonstrate standards that guide behavior in interpersonal relationships.

Apply critical thinking and ethical criteria to evaluate interpersonal relationships.

Apply guidelines for assessing the nature of issues and situation.

Apply critical thinking and ethical standards when making judgments and taking action.

Demonstrate ethical behavior in family, workplace and community settings.

Compare the relative merits of opposing points of view regarding current ethical issues.

Analyze the effects of family as a system on individuals and society.

Analyze family as the basic unit of society.

Analyze the role of family in transmitting societal expectations.

Analyze the role of family in teaching culture and traditions across the life span.

Analyze the role of family in developing independence, interdependence, and commitment of family members.

Evaluate the effects of diverse perspectives, needs and characteristics of individuals and families.

Demonstrate awareness of multiple diversities and their effects on individuals, families, and society.

Analyze the effects of social and cultural diversity on individual and families.

Demonstrate respect for diversity with sensitivity to anti-bias, gender, equity, age, culture, and ethnicity.

Synthesize knowledge, skills and practices required for careers in family & community services.

Evaluate conditions affecting individuals and families with a variety of disadvantaging conditions.

Assess health, wellness, and safety issues of individual and families with a variety of disadvantaging conditions.

Analyze management and living environment issues of individuals and families with a variety of disadvantaging conditions.

Discriminate between situations that require personal prevention or intervention and those situations that require professional assistance.

Analyze situations which require crisis intervention.

Summarize the appropriate support needed to address selected human services issues.

Integrate multiple life roles and responsibilities in family, work and community settings.

Analyze strategies to manage multiple roles and responsibilities (individual, family, career, community and global).

Analyze the effects of social, economic, and technological change on work and family dynamics.

Analyze ways that individual career goals can affect the family's capacity to meet goals for all family members.

Analyze potential effects of career path decisions on balancing work and family.

Define goals for life-long learning and leisure opportunities for all family members.

Develop a life plan, including pathways to acquiring the knowledge and skills needed to achieve individual.

Evaluate the effects of parenting roles and responsibilities on strengthening the well-being of individuals and families.

Analyze roles and responsibilities of parenting.

Analyze parenting roles across the life span.

Analyze expectations and responsibilities of parenting.

Analyze consequences of parenting practices to the individual, family, and society.

Analyze societal conditions that influence parenting across the life span.

Explain cultural differences in roles and responsibilities of parenting.

Use reasoning processes, individually and collaboratively, to take responsible action in families, workplaces and communities.

Evaluate reasoning for self and others

Analyze different kinds of reasoning (e.g., scientific, practical, interpersonal).

Distinguish between adequate and inadequate reasoning.

Establish criteria for adequate reasoning.

Contrast consequences of adequate and inadequate reasoning for self, others, culture/society, and global environment.

Use reasoning processes, individually and collaboratively, to take responsible action in families, workplaces and communities.

Analyze recurring and evolving family, workplace and community concerns.

Classify different types of concerns (e.g., theoretic, technical, practical) and possible methods for addressing them.

Describe recurring and evolving concerns facing individuals, families, workplaces, and communities.

Describe conditions and circumstances that create or sustain recurring and evolving concerns.

Describe levels of concerns: individual, family, workplace, community, cultural/societal, global/environmental.

Analyze practical reasoning components.

Differentiate types of knowledge needed for reasoned action: value-ends, goals, contextual factors, possible actions, and consequences.

Analyze short-term and long-term consequences on self, family, culture/society, and global environment.

Analyze assumptions that underlie beliefs and actions.

Distinguish adequate and/or reliable information from inadequate and/or unreliable information.

Analyze role exchange, universal consequences, the role of ethics, and other tests for making responsible judgments.

Distinguish adequate from inadequate reasons.

Implement practical reasoning for responsible action in families, workplaces and communities.

Synthesize information from a variety of sources that are judged to be reliable.

Describe a particular recurring and evolving individual, family, workplace, or community concern.

Select goals/valued ends to resolve a particular concern.

Establish standards for choosing responsible action to address a particular concern.

Evaluate the conditions of a particular concern, e.g. historical, social-psychological, socioeconomic, political, cultural, global/environmental.

Use adequate and reliable information to critique possible actions.

Evaluate potential short- and long-term consequences of possible actions on self, others, culture/society, and global environment.

Justify possible reasons and actions based on valued ends and information that is judged to be adequate and reliable.

Implement and monitor a plan of action based on established standards and valued ends.